Intermediate Korean Basics & Grammar Vocabulary List (TOPIK 4)
A complete list of 268 intermediate-level Korean basics & grammar vocabulary words (TOPIK 4). Every word includes romanization and its English meaning, curated by a certified Korean language teacher. Filter to search, or switch levels below.
| Korean | Romanization | Meaning | Picture |
|---|---|---|---|
| 틈 | teum | gap, crack, spare moment 바위틈에 꽃이 피었어요 A flower bloomed in a crack in the rock. |  |
| 꼭² | kkok | tightly, firmly · 꼭 누르다, 꼭 안다 아이가 엄마 손을 꼭 잡았어요 The child held Mom's hand tightly. |  |
| 괜히 L4-16 | gwaenhi | for no reason, uselessly 괜히 걱정했어요 I worried for nothing. | |
| 그러게 L4-05 | geureoge | I told you so, right? 그러게요, 제가 미리 말했잖아요 Exactly, I told you beforehand. | |
| 막상 L4-12 | maksang | when actually faced with it, in reality 막상 시험을 보니 생각보다 쉬웠어요 When I actually took the test, it was easier than I expected. | |
| 설마 L4-07 | seolma | no way, surely not 설마 그 사람이 거짓말을 했을까요 Surely that person didn't lie, did they? | |
| 어쩐지 L4-07 | eojjeonji | somehow, for some reason 어쩐지 오늘은 기분이 이상해요 For some reason, I feel strange today. | |
| 제발 L4-24 | jebal | please (begging) 제발 조용히 해 주세요 Please, be quiet. | |
| 차라리 L4-16 | charari | rather, preferably 기다리느니 차라리 걸어갈게요 I'd rather walk than wait. | |
| 확실히 L4-08 | hwaksilhi | certainly, surely, definitely 확실히 이번 결과가 더 좋아요 The results are definitely better this time. | |
| 신조어 L4-11 | sinjoeo | neologism, new coined word 요즘 젊은 사람들이 신조어를 자주 만들어요 Young people often coin new words these days. | |
| 줄임말 L4-11 | jurimmal | abbreviation, slang short form 요즘 젊은 세대가 쓰는 줄임말은 처음에 이해하기 어려워요 The abbreviations young people use these days are hard to understand at first. | |
| 두문자 L4-11 | dumunja | initial letter, initials 국제 연합의 영문 명칭에서 두문자를 따면 UN이 돼요 Taking the initials of the English name of the United Nations gives you UN. | |
| 유행어 L4-11 | yuhaengeo | buzzword, trending phrase 이 유행어가 인터넷에서 퍼지고 있어요 This catchphrase is spreading online. | |
| 의미하다 L4-11 | uimihada | to mean, signify 이 단어는 행복을 의미해요 의미하다 → 의미해요 This word means happiness. | |
| 격식체 L4-27 | gyeoksikche | formal speech style 공식 보고서에는 격식체를 사용하는 것이 적절해요 It's appropriate to use a formal style in official reports. | |
| -가¹ | -ga | -ist, -er, person suffix · 음악가, 전문가 그 사람은 유명한 음악가예요 That person is a famous musician. | |
| -가량 | -garyang | approximately, about 열 명가량이 참석했어요 About ten people attended. | |
| 가만 | gaman | still, quietly, without moving 가만 있어 봐요 Please stay still for a moment. | |
| 가만히 | gamanhi | still, quietly, gently 아기가 자니까 가만히 있어요 Please be quiet because the baby is sleeping. | |
| -간 | -gan | for (a period of time), during 한 달간 한국어를 공부했어요 I studied Korean for a month. | |
| 간² | gan | between, among · 서울과 부산 간 서울과 부산 간의 거리를 알아봤어요 I looked up the distance between Seoul and Busan. | |
| 간신히 | gansinhi | barely, just barely 간신히 마지막 버스를 탔어요 I barely caught the last bus. | |
| 간혹 | ganhok | occasionally, sometimes 그 가게에는 간혹 손님이 없어요 Sometimes that store has no customers. | |
| 갈수록 | galsurok | more and more, increasingly 날씨가 갈수록 추워지고 있어요 The weather is getting colder and colder. | |
| 감히 | gamhi | daringly, how dare 감히 선생님께 거짓말을 할 수 없어요 I wouldn't dare lie to the teacher. | |
| -객 | -gaek | -goer, visitor, passenger suffix 이 기차에는 승객이 많아요 There are lots of passengers on this train. | |
| 게다가 | gedaga | moreover, besides, furthermore 날씨가 춥고, 게다가 비까지 와요 It's cold, and on top of that, it's raining. | |
| 결코 | gyeolko | never, by no means 그런 실수는 결코 하지 않을 거예요 I'll never make that kind of mistake. | |
| 곧바로 | gotbaro | straight away, immediately 수업이 끝나고 곧바로 집에 갔어요 I went straight home after class. | |
| 곧잘 | gotjal | quite well, fairly often 그 학생은 한국어를 곧잘 해요 That student speaks Korean quite well. | |
| 과연 | gwayeon | indeed, sure enough, as expected 과연 그 선수가 일등을 했어요 Sure enough, that athlete came in first. | |
| -관¹ | -gwan | -hall, -building, -institution suffix · 도서관 동네 도서관은 아침 아홉 시에 문을 열어요 The neighborhood library opens at nine in the morning. | |
| -관² | -gwan | -view, -perspective suffix · 인생관, 가치관 저는 긍정적인 인생관을 가지고 있어요 I have a positive outlook on life. | |
| 군데 | gunde | place, spot (counter) 몸에 상처가 두 군데 났어요 I have wounds in two places on my body. | |
| 굳이 | guji | stubbornly, deliberately, insistently 굳이 혼자 하지 않아도 돼요 You don't have to do it all by yourself. | |
| -권¹ | -gwon | -sphere, -zone (suffix) · 수도권 · 문화권 두 지역은 같은 문화권에 속해요 The two regions belong to the same cultural sphere. | |
| 그나마 | geunama | even so, at least, still 비가 왔지만 그나마 행사는 잘 끝났어요 It rained, but at least the event ended well. | |
| 그다지 | geudaji | not particularly, not so much 그 영화는 그다지 재미있지 않았어요 That movie wasn't very interesting. | |
| 그대 | geudae | you (poetic/archaic) 그대가 있어서 행복해요 I'm happy because you're here. | |
| 그럭저럭 | geureokjeoreok | so-so, somehow or other 시험은 그럭저럭 잘 봤어요 I did fairly well on the exam. | |
| 그런대로 | geureondaero | fairly, passably, in its own way 새 집이 그런대로 살 만해요 The new house is fairly comfortable to live in. | |
| 그렇지 | geureochi | that's right, exactly 그렇지요, 제 말이 맞잖아요 That's right, what I said was correct. | |
| 그리¹ | geuri | (not) so, (not) that much; like that · 그리 어렵지 않다 그리 어려운 문제가 아니에요 It's not such a difficult problem. | |
| 그만큼 | geumankeum | that much, to that extent 노력했으니 그만큼 결과가 나왔어요 The results reflected the effort I put in. | |
| 그야말로 | geuyamallo | truly, really, exactly 이번 여행은 그야말로 최고였어요 This trip was truly the best. | |
| 그제야 | geujeya | only then, not until then 설명을 들은 후에 그제야 이해했어요 Only after hearing the explanation did I understand. | |
| 그토록 | geutorok | so much, to such a degree 그토록 열심히 공부하다니 대단해요 It's impressive that you study so hard. | |
| 극히 | geuki | extremely, exceedingly 이런 문제는 극히 드물게 생겨요 Problems like this occur extremely rarely. | |
| 급격히 | geupgyeoki | rapidly, sharply, drastically 기온이 급격히 떨어졌어요 The temperature dropped sharply. | |
| 급속히 | geupsoki | rapidly, at high speed 도시가 급속히 발전하고 있어요 The city is developing rapidly. | |
| 급히 | geupi | hurriedly, in a rush 급히 집을 나섰어요 I left home in a hurry. | |
| 꼼꼼히 | kkomkkomhi | meticulously, carefully, thoroughly 계약서를 꼼꼼히 읽어 보세요 Please read the contract carefully. | |
| 끊임없이 | kkeunimeopsi | endlessly, ceaselessly, continuously 비가 끊임없이 내리고 있어요 It's been raining nonstop. | |
| 끝없이 | kkeuteopsi | endlessly, without limit 별이 끝없이 펼쳐진 하늘이 아름다워요 The sky filled with endless stars is beautiful. | |
| 나란히 | naranhi | side by side, in a row 두 사람이 나란히 걸었어요 The two people walked side by side. | |
| 나름 | nareum | one's own way, in itself 사람마다 나름의 공부 방법이 있어요 Everyone has their own way of studying. | |
| 너무나 | neomuna | extremely, so very much 그 소식이 너무나 슬펐어요 The news was so sad. | |
| 녀석 | nyeoseok | guy, fellow, creature 저 녀석이 또 말썽을 피웠어요 That kid got into trouble again. | |
| 년도 | nyeondo | year (suffix) 이천이십오 년도에 졸업했어요 I graduated in 2025. | |
| 님 | nim | Mr., Ms., honorific suffix for names and titles · 선생님 홍길동 님께 메일을 보냈어요 I sent an email to Mr. Hong Gildong. | |
| 다만 | daman | however, but, only 가도 되지만 다만 일찍 돌아오세요 You can go, but please come back early. | |
| 다소 | daso | somewhat, a little, rather 이 일은 다소 어려워요 This task is somewhat difficult. | |
| 단 | dan | only, just (modifier) 단 한 번의 기회를 놓치지 마세요 Don't miss your one and only chance. | |
| 단순히 | dansunhi | simply, merely, just 단순히 구경하러 온 거예요 I just came to look around. | |
| 단지¹ | danji | just, merely, only · 단지 ~ㄹ 뿐이다 단지 도와주려고 했을 뿐이에요 I was only trying to help. | |
| 달리 | dalli | differently, in another way 다른 사람과 달리 생각해요 I think differently from other people. | |
| -당 | -dang | per, for each (suffix) 이 제품은 개당 오천 원이에요 This product costs 5,000 won each. | |
| 당분간 | dangbungan | for the time being, temporarily 당분간 외출을 자제해요 I'm limiting my outings for the time being. | |
| 대- | dae- | large-, great-, big- (prefix) 대형마트에서 장을 봤어요 I went grocery shopping at a large supermarket. | |
| 대강 | daegang | roughly, approximately, briefly 내용을 대강 설명해 줬어요 I gave a rough explanation of the content. | |
| 대개 | daegae | mostly, generally, in most cases 학생들은 대개 아침에 학교에 와요 Students generally come to school in the morning. | |
| 대단히 | daedanhi | greatly, extremely, tremendously 도움을 주셔서 대단히 감사해요 Thank you very much for your help. | |
| 대략 | daeryak | roughly, approximately 여기서 거기까지 대략 삼십 분 걸려요 It takes about 30 minutes to get there from here. | |
| 대충 | daechung | roughly, approximately, carelessly 숙제를 대충 하면 안 돼요 You shouldn't rush through your homework carelessly. | |
| 더구나 | deoguna | furthermore, moreover, on top of that 이미 늦었고, 더구나 돈도 없어요 It's already late, and on top of that, I don't have any money. | |
| 더욱더 | deoukdeo | even more, all the more 연습할수록 더욱더 잘할 수 있어요 The more you practice, the better you can do. | |
| 더욱이 | deougi | furthermore, moreover, additionally 음식이 맛있고 더욱이 가격도 저렴해요 The food is delicious, and the prices are low, too. | |
| 도대체 | dodaeche | on earth, in the world, what the heck 도대체 무슨 일이 생긴 거예요 What on earth happened? | |
| 도리어 | dorieo | on the contrary, instead, rather 도와줬더니 도리어 화를 냈어요 I helped them, but they got angry with me instead. | |
| 도무지 | domuji | not at all, simply impossible, no way 그 말은 도무지 이해가 안 돼요 I can't understand that at all. | |
| 도저히 | dojeohi | absolutely not, by no means, impossible 이 문제는 도저히 풀 수 없어요 I just can't solve this problem. | |
| 되게 | doege | very, really, extremely (colloquial) 오늘 날씨가 되게 덥네요 It's really hot today! | |
| 되도록 | doedorok | as much as possible, preferably 되도록 빨리 답장을 보내 주세요 Please reply as soon as possible. | |
| 두어 | dueo | a couple of, two or three 두어 시간 후에 돌아올게요 I'll be back in a couple of hours. | |
| 딴 | ttan | other, another, different 딴 사람한테 물어보세요 Please ask someone else. | |
| 때로 | ttaero | sometimes, at times 때로는 혼자 있는 것도 좋아요 Sometimes it's nice to be alone. | |
| 또다시 | ttodasi | once more, again, once again 또다시 같은 실수를 했어요 I made the same mistake yet again. | |
| 뜻대로 | tteutdaero | as one wishes, as intended 일이 뜻대로 되지 않아서 속상해요 I'm upset because things aren't going the way I want. | |
| 뜻밖에 | tteutbakke | unexpectedly, surprisingly 뜻밖에 선물을 받았어요 I unexpectedly received a gift. | |
| -력 | -ryeok | (suffix) power, ability, force 이 사람은 집중력이 뛰어나요 This person has excellent concentration. | |
| -료 | -ryo | (suffix) fee, charge, cost 이 서비스는 이용료가 없어요 There is no fee to use this service. | |
| 리터 | riteo | liter (unit of volume) 물을 이 리터 마셨어요 I drank two liters of water. | |
| 마구 | magu | wildly, recklessly, indiscriminately 아이가 장난감을 마구 던졌어요 The child threw toys around wildly. | |
| 마냥 | manyang | continually, endlessly, simply 아이가 마냥 웃고 있어요 The child just keeps smiling. | |
| 마땅히 | mattanghi | properly, appropriately, as one should 잘못을 했으면 마땅히 사과해야 해요 If you've done something wrong, you should apologize. | |
| 마련 | maryeon | something natural, preparation, means 누구나 실수하기 마련이에요 Everyone makes mistakes. | |
| 마음껏 | maeumkkeot | to one's heart's content, freely, as much as one wants 공원에서 마음껏 뛰어놀았어요 I ran around and played to my heart's content in the park. | |
| 마주 | maju | facing each other, face to face 두 사람이 마주 앉았어요 The two people sat facing each other. | |
| 마치 | machi | as if, just like, seemingly 마치 꿈을 꾸는 것 같아요 It feels like I'm dreaming. | |
| 마침내 | machimnae | finally, at last, in the end 마침내 꿈을 이뤘어요 I finally achieved my dream. | |
| 말끔히 | malkkeumhi | cleanly, neatly, completely 방을 말끔히 청소했어요 I cleaned the room thoroughly. | |
| 말없이 | mareopsi | silently, without a word 민수 씨는 말없이 자리를 떠났어요 Minsu left without a word. | |
| 맘껏 | mamkkeot | to one's heart's content, as much as one wants 오늘은 맘껏 먹어요 Let's eat as much as we want today. | |
| 맘대로 | mamdaero | however one likes, as one pleases 맘대로 골라도 돼요 You can choose whatever you like. | |
| 매번 | maebeon | every time, each time, every occasion 매번 같은 실수를 해요 I make the same mistake every time. | |
| 맨 | maen | very first, topmost · 맨 앞, 맨 뒤 맨 앞줄에 앉았어요 I sat in the very front row. | |
| 멋대로 | meotdaero | as one pleases, however one likes, freely 규칙을 멋대로 바꾸면 안 돼요 You can't change the rules however you like. | |
| 멍멍 | meongmeong | woof woof, bow wow (dog sound) 강아지가 멍멍 짖어요 The puppy goes "woof, woof." | |
| 모 | mo | certain, some (unspecified person or thing) 모 회사에서 연락이 왔어요 A certain company contacted me. | |
| 모처럼 | mocheoreom | after a long while, for once, specially 모처럼 가족이 다 함께 모였어요 The whole family got together for the first time in a while. | |
| 몹시 | mopsi | very, extremely, terribly 날씨가 몹시 추워요 It's extremely cold. | |
| 몽땅 | mongttang | all, entirely, completely, the whole lot 음식을 몽땅 다 먹어 버렸어요 I ate absolutely all the food. | |
| 무- | mu- | (prefix) without, non-, lacking 이 과자는 무설탕 제품이에요 These cookies are sugar-free. | |
| 무려 | muryeo | as many as, no less than, a whopping 관객이 무려 오천 명이나 왔어요 As many as five thousand people came to watch. | |
| 무렵 | muryeop | around the time of, about the time when 졸업 무렵에 취직을 준비했어요 I prepared to look for a job around the time I graduated. | |
| 무사히 | musahi | safely, without incident 여행에서 무사히 돌아왔어요 I returned safely from my trip. | |
| 묵묵히 | mungmuki | silently, quietly, without complaint 그 사람은 묵묵히 자기 일을 해요 That person quietly does their work. | |
| -문 | -mun | (suffix) writing, text 이 글은 논설문 형식이에요 This piece is written as an argumentative essay. | |
| 문득 | mundeuk | suddenly, all of a sudden, unexpectedly 걷다가 문득 옛날 생각이 났어요 While walking, I suddenly thought of the old days. | |
| 뭘 | mwol | oh, it's nothing; not at all 뭘, 괜찮아요 Oh, it's nothing. It's okay. | |
| 미처 | micheo | not yet, before one realizes, in time 미처 준비를 못 해서 당황했어요 I was flustered because I hadn't had time to prepare. | |
| 밀리미터 | millimiteo | millimeter (unit of length) 이 못의 지름은 오 밀리미터예요 This nail is five millimeters in diameter. | |
| 바싹 | bassak | closely, tightly, thoroughly dry 바싹 마른 수건으로 닦았어요 I wiped it with a completely dry towel. | |
| 반짝반짝 | banjjakbanjjak | sparklingly, with a glittering shine 별이 반짝반짝 빛나요 The stars are sparkling brightly. | |
| 밤낮 | bamnat | day and night, always, night and day 밤낮없이 열심히 일했어요 I worked hard day and night. | |
| 벌떡 | beoltteok | suddenly, abruptly (standing up) 놀란 나머지 벌떡 일어났어요 I was so startled that I jumped to my feet. | |
| 부-¹ | bu- | prefix meaning sub-, vice-, deputy · 부사장, 부반장 민수 씨는 부사장으로 승진했어요 Minsu was promoted to vice president. | |
| 부지런히 | bujireonhi | diligently, industriously 부지런히 공부해서 시험에 붙었어요 I passed the test by studying diligently. | |
| 분명 | bunmyeong | clearly, obviously, certainly 그 사람은 분명 거짓말을 했어요 That person definitely lied. | |
| 비- | bi- | prefix meaning non-, un- 그것은 비공개 정보예요 That is confidential information. | |
| 비교적 | bigyojeok | comparatively, relatively 이 방법이 비교적 쉬워요 This method is relatively easy. | |
| 비로소 | biroso | only then, for the first time 설명을 다 들은 후에야 비로소 이해했어요 I only understood after hearing the entire explanation. | |
| 비록 | birok | even though, although 비록 힘들었지만 포기하지 않았어요 Although it was hard, I didn't give up. | |
| 빠짐없이 | ppajimeopsi | without exception, all inclusively 회원들이 빠짐없이 참석했어요 Every member attended. | |
| -사² | -sa | (suffix) teacher, skilled professional · 요리사, 교사 한국어 교사는 교육자예요 A Korean language teacher is an educator. | |
| -사³ | -sa | suffix forming nouns (event, matter) · 관심사 환경 보호는 제 관심사예요 Environmental protection is one of my interests. | |
| 상관없이 | sanggwaneopsi | regardless, irrespective of 날씨에 상관없이 매일 운동해요 I exercise every day, regardless of the weather. | |
| 상당히 | sangdanghi | considerably, quite, substantially 이번 시험은 상당히 어려웠어요 This exam was quite difficult. | |
| 새삼 | saesam | anew, freshly (realizing again) 오래된 친구를 보고 새삼 반가웠어요 Seeing my old friend made me happy all over again. | |
| -생¹ | -saeng | (suffix) born in (year) · 구십팔 년생 그분은 구십팔 년생이에요 That person was born in '98. | |
| 서서히 | seoseohi | slowly, gradually 날씨가 서서히 따뜻해지고 있어요 The weather is gradually getting warmer. | |
| -성 | -seong | suffix meaning quality, nature, characteristic 이 제품은 안전성이 뛰어나요 This product is very safe. | |
| 소중히 | sojunghi | preciously, carefully, dearly 선물을 소중히 간직했어요 I treasured the gift and kept it safe. | |
| 솔직히 | soljiki | honestly, frankly 솔직히 말하면 별로 안 좋았어요 Honestly, it wasn't very good. | |
| 수시로 | susiro | frequently, at any time, constantly 수시로 이메일을 확인해요 I check my email frequently. | |
| 수없이 | sueopsi | innumerably, countless times 그 실수를 수없이 반복했어요 I've made that mistake countless times. | |
| 슬쩍 | seuljjeok | stealthily, slyly, sneakily 지갑을 슬쩍 꺼냈어요 I discreetly took out my wallet. | |
| 신- | sin- | new- (prefix) 이번 주에 나온 신상품을 구경했어요 I looked at the new products released this week. | |
| 실은 | sireun | actually, in truth, in fact 실은 저도 몰랐어요 Actually, I didn't know either. | |
| 실제 | silje | actually, in reality 실제로 해 보니 더 어려웠어요 It was harder when I actually tried it. | |
| 심지어 | simjieo | even, furthermore, what is more 그 학생은 심지어 밤새 공부했어요 That student even studied all night. | |
| 십상 | sipsang | likelihood, apt to happen often 너무 늦게 자면 늦잠을 자기 십상이에요 If you go to bed too late, you're likely to oversleep. | |
| 썩 | sseok | quite, fairly, very much 그 영화는 썩 재미있었어요 That movie was quite entertaining. | |
| 쓸데없이 | sseuldeeopsi | uselessly, pointlessly 쓸데없이 걱정하지 마세요 Please don't worry needlessly. | |
| 아마도 | amado | probably, perhaps, maybe 아마도 내일 비가 올 것 같아요 I think it will probably rain tomorrow. | |
| 아무개 | amugae | so-and-so, a certain person 아무개 씨가 연락했대요 I heard that so-and-so got in touch. | |
| 아무래도 | amuraedo | apparently, probably; anyway, no matter what 아무래도 오늘은 못 갈 것 같아요 It looks like I won't be able to go today. | |
| 아무런 | amureon | any, no (modifier) 아무런 이유 없이 화가 났어요 I got angry for no reason at all. | |
| 아무튼 | amuteun | anyway, at any rate 아무튼 한번 해 보는 게 좋아요 Anyway, it's a good idea to give it a try. | |
| 아예 | aye | from the start, altogether, at all 아예 처음부터 다시 하기로 했어요 I decided to start all over again. | |
| 아울러 | aulleo | together, at the same time, furthermore 신청 방법과 아울러 참가비도 안내해 드릴게요 I'll explain how to apply and also tell you the participation fee. | |
| 아하 | aha | aha, oh I see (exclamation) 아하, 이제 이해했어요 Aha, now I understand. | |
| 앞서 | apseo | previously, ahead, in front 앞서 말한 내용을 기억하세요 Please remember what I said earlier. | |
| 야옹 | yaong | meow (cat sound) 고양이가 야옹 하고 울었어요 The cat meowed. | |
| 어느덧 | eoneudeot | before one knows it, unnoticed 어느덧 해가 지고 있어요 The sun is already setting, and I hadn't even noticed. | |
| 어쨌든 | eojjaetdeun | anyway, regardless 어쨌든 일단 해 봐요 Anyway, let's give it a try first. | |
| 어쩌다 | eojjeoda | by chance, occasionally 어쩌다 길에서 옛 친구를 만났어요 I happened to run into an old friend on the street. | |
| 어쩌면 | eojjeomyeon | maybe, perhaps, possibly 어쩌면 내일 비가 올지도 몰라요 It might rain tomorrow. | |
| 어찌나 | eojjina | how, so very (intensifier) 어찌나 빠른지 눈에 안 보여요 It's so fast I can't even see it. | |
| 어차피 | eochapi | anyway, either way, no matter what 어차피 결과는 같을 거예요 The result will be the same either way. | |
| 억지로 | eokjiro | forcibly, against one's will 억지로 밥을 먹으면 안 좋아요 It's not good to force yourself to eat. | |
| 여간 | yeogan | not ordinary, quite (usually negative) 그 일이 여간 힘든 게 아니에요 That job is incredibly hard. | |
| 오래도록 | oraedorok | for a long time, long 이 추억을 오래도록 간직하고 싶어요 I want to treasure these memories for a long time. | |
| 오로지 | oroji | solely, only, exclusively 오로지 공부만 생각했어요 I thought only about studying. | |
| 오직 | ojik | only, solely 오직 민수 씨만 믿어요 I trust only Minsu. | |
| 오히려 | ohiryeo | rather, on the contrary 기대했는데 오히려 실망했어요 I had high hopes, but I ended up disappointed. | |
| 온갖 | ongat | all kinds of, every sort of 시장에는 온갖 음식이 다 있어요 The market has all kinds of food. | |
| 온종일 | onjongil | all day long 온종일 집에서 쉬었어요 I rested at home all day. | |
| 온통 | ontong | entirely, all over, wholly 방이 온통 먼지로 가득해요 The whole room is full of dust. | |
| 왠지 | waenji | for some reason, somehow 왠지 오늘 기분이 좋아요 For some reason, I'm in a good mood today. | |
| 요 | yo | this, these (near demonstrative) 요 근처에 좋은 카페가 있어요 There's a nice cafe around here. | |
| 워낙 | wonak | inherently, by nature, originally 민수 씨는 워낙 조용한 사람이에요 Minsu is naturally a quiet person. | |
| -원 | -won | -won, suffix for an institution (hospital, academy) · 병원, 학원 동생은 영어 학원에 다녀요 My younger brother goes to an English academy. | |
| 웬 | wen | what kind of, what a 웬 낯선 사람이 문을 두드렸어요 Some stranger knocked on the door. | |
| 유난히 | yunanhi | especially, unusually 오늘은 유난히 덥네요 It's unusually hot today. | |
| 이내¹ | inae | soon, before long · 이내 나아지다 약을 먹었더니 이내 나았어요 I got better soon after taking the medicine. | |
| 이대로 | idaero | just as is, as it is 이대로 포기하면 안 돼요 You can't give up like this. | |
| 이른바 | ireunba | so-called, what is called 이른바 전문가라는 사람들이 틀릴 수도 있어요 Even so-called experts can be wrong. | |
| 이리저리 | irijeori | here and there, this way and that 이리저리 뛰어다니다가 넘어졌어요 I fell while running around. | |
| 이만큼 | imankeum | this much, to this extent 이만큼 해 줬으면 충분해요 It's enough that you've done this much for me. | |
| 이어 | ieo | subsequently, following that 발표가 끝나고 이어 질문이 있었어요 The presentation was followed by questions. | |
| 이왕 | iwang | since, now that, already 이왕 시작했으니 끝까지 해요 Now that we've started, let's see it through. | |
| 이윽고 | ieukgo | before long, shortly after 잠시 기다리자 이윽고 버스가 왔어요 After a short wait, the bus arrived. | |
| 이제야 | ijeya | only now, not until now 이제야 그 말의 뜻을 알았어요 I only now understand what those words meant. | |
| 일단 | ildan | first, for now, once 일단 앉아서 이야기해요 Let's sit down and talk first. | |
| 일쑤 | ilssu | a habit, doing something often 그 친구는 지각하는 것이 일쑤예요 That friend is often late. | |
| 일일이 | iriri | one by one, individually 학생들의 이름을 일일이 확인했어요 I checked the students' names one by one. | |
| 일찍이 | iljjigi | early on, long ago, for a long time 그 과학자는 일찍이 유명해졌어요 That scientist became famous early on. | |
| 일체 | ilche | everything, all, entirely, not at all 여행에 필요한 비용 일체를 회사에서 부담해요 The company covers all the expenses for the trip. | |
| -자 | -ja | -ja (person suffix) 그 기자는 현장에서 소식을 전해요 That reporter delivers the news from the scene. | |
| 자꾸만 | jakkuman | repeatedly, again and again 자꾸만 같은 실수를 반복해요 I keep making the same mistake. | |
| 자연히 | jayeonhi | naturally, by itself 연습을 계속하면 자연히 실력이 늘어요 If you keep practicing, your skills will naturally improve. | |
| 잔뜩 | jantteuk | a lot, heavily, to the brim 가방에 옷을 잔뜩 넣었어요 I stuffed a lot of clothes into my bag. | |
| 재- | jae- | re- (prefix for repetition) 계약을 재검토하기로 했어요 We decided to review the contract again. | |
| 재빨리 | jaeppalli | quickly, swiftly 재빨리 가방을 챙겨서 나왔어요 I quickly grabbed my bag and left. | |
| 저- | jeo- | low- (prefix) 저소득층을 위한 지원이 필요해요 Support is needed for low-income households. | |
| 저리 | jeori | over there, that way 저리 가세요 Please go over there. | |
| 저마다 | jeomada | each, every one, individually 학생들이 저마다 의견을 말했어요 The students each shared their opinions. | |
| 저만큼 | jeomankeum | that much, to that extent 저만큼 노력하면 성공할 수 있어요 If you put in that much effort, you can succeed. | |
| 저절로 | jeojeollo | by itself, spontaneously, naturally 문이 저절로 닫혔어요 The door closed by itself. | |
| 적당히 | jeokdanghi | moderately, appropriately 음식을 적당히 먹어야 건강해요 You need to eat in moderation to stay healthy. | |
| 정작 | jeongjak | actually, when it comes to it 정작 중요한 것은 노력이에요 What really matters is effort. | |
| -제² | -je | medicine, agent (suffix) · 진통제, 영양제 머리가 아파서 진통제를 먹었어요 I took a pain reliever because I had a headache. | |
| -제¹ | -je | (suffix) made in, made of · 한국제 이 가방은 한국제예요 This bag was made in Korea. | |
| 제법 | jebeop | considerably, pretty well 한국어가 제법 늘었어요 My Korean has improved quite a bit. | |
| 좀처럼 | jomcheoreom | rarely, hardly ever 그분은 좀처럼 화를 내지 않아요 That person rarely gets angry. | |
| 종종 | jongjong | from time to time, often 주말에 종종 산책을 해요 I often go for walks on weekends. | |
| 줄곧 | julgot | consistently, continuously 그 선생님은 줄곧 같은 방식으로 가르쳐 왔어요 That teacher has always taught the same way. | |
| 지극히 | jigeuki | extremely, exceedingly 그 태도는 지극히 당연해요 That attitude is perfectly understandable. | |
| 지금껏 | jigeumkkeot | until now, up to this point 지금껏 이렇게 힘든 적이 없었어요 I've never had such a hard time before. | |
| -질 | -jil | (suffix: repeated action, behavior) 식사 후에는 꼼꼼하게 양치질을 해요 I brush my teeth thoroughly after meals. | |
| -째 | -jjae | (ordinal suffix: -th) 오늘은 입학 후 사흘째예요 Today is my third day since starting school. | |
| 쪽¹ | jjok | side, direction · 오른쪽, 왼쪽 오른쪽을 보면 편의점이 있어요 If you look to the right, there's a convenience store. | |
| 차마 | chama | not possibly, could not bring oneself to 그 말을 들으니 차마 대답을 못 했어요 After hearing that, I couldn't bring myself to answer. | |
| 차차 | chacha | gradually, little by little 실력이 차차 늘고 있어요 My skills are gradually improving. | |
| 차츰 | chacheum | gradually, slowly but surely 실력이 차츰 늘고 있어요 My skills are steadily improving. | |
| 참으로 | chameuro | truly, really, indeed 그 영화는 참으로 감동적이었어요 That movie was truly moving. | |
| 철저히 | cheoljeohi | thoroughly, completely 손을 철저히 씻어야 해요 You need to wash your hands thoroughly. | |
| 초- | cho- | (prefix: super-, ultra-) 이 기계는 초소형이에요 This machine is ultra-compact. | |
| 총¹ | chong | total, all, grand (modifier) · 총 인원 총 인원이 오십 명이에요 There are 50 people in total. | |
| 최대한 | choedaehan | as much as possible, to the maximum 최대한 빨리 연락할게요 I'll get in touch as soon as possible. | |
| 최소한 | choesohan | at a minimum, at least 최소한 여덟 시간은 자야 해요 You need to get at least eight hours of sleep. | |
| 측 | cheuk | side, party (bound noun) 우리 측의 의견을 전달했어요 I conveyed our side's opinion. | |
| 쿨쿨 | kulkul | (sound of) deep snoring, snoring soundly 남동생이 쿨쿨 자고 있어요 My younger brother is fast asleep and snoring. | |
| 쿵 | kung | (sound of) thud, bang 상자가 바닥에 쿵 떨어졌어요 The box hit the floor with a thud. | |
| 텅 | teong | (adverb: emptily, completely empty) 냉장고가 텅 비어 있어요 The refrigerator is completely empty. | |
| 퍽 | peok | quite, rather, considerably 오늘 발표가 퍽 잘됐어요 Today's presentation went quite well. | |
| 편히 | pyeonhi | comfortably, at ease 집에서 편히 쉬어요 I relax at home. | |
| -품 | -pum | -ware, -product (suffix) 마트에서 농산품을 샀어요 I bought agricultural products at the supermarket. | |
| 하긴 | hagin | well, come to think of it, indeed 하긴 그 말도 맞는 것 같아요 Well, I think that is true, too. | |
| 하도 | hado | so, excessively, too much 하도 웃겨서 배가 아팠어요 It was so funny that my stomach hurt. | |
| 하여튼 | hayeoteun | anyway, in any case 하여튼 지금 바로 시작해요 Anyway, let's start right now. | |
| 한결 | hangyeol | much more, considerably 운동을 하니까 몸이 한결 가벼워요 My body feels much lighter after exercising. | |
| 한꺼번에 | hankkeobeone | all at once, at the same time 숙제를 한꺼번에 다 했어요 I did all my homework in one sitting. | |
| 한창 | hanchang | at the height of, in full swing, peak time 공사가 한창 진행 중이에요 Construction is in full swing. | |
| 한층 | hancheung | even more, further, a notch 연습을 거듭하니 실력이 한층 늘었어요 My skills improved even more with repeated practice. | |
| 함부로 | hamburo | recklessly, carelessly 함부로 남의 물건을 만지면 안 돼요 You should not touch other people's things without permission. | |
| 허허 | heoheo | ha-ha, laughing sound 할아버지가 허허 웃으셨어요 My grandfather let out a hearty laugh. | |
| 헌 | heon | old, worn-out, used 헌 옷을 기부했어요 I donated my old clothes. | |
| -형 | -hyeong | -type, -style (suffix) 그 사람은 리더형 성격이에요 That person has the personality of a leader. | |
| -화¹ | -hwa | -ization, -fication (suffix) · 도시화 도시화로 농촌 인구가 줄었어요 Urbanization has reduced the rural population. | |
| 확 | hwak | suddenly, swiftly, sharply 바람이 확 불어서 모자가 날아갔어요 A sudden gust of wind blew my hat away. | |
| 활발히 | hwalbalhi | actively, vigorously 학생들이 활발히 토론에 참여했어요 The students actively participated in the discussion. | |
| 흔히 | heunhi | commonly, usually, often 사람들은 흔히 실수를 해요 People often make mistakes. | |
| 힘껏 | himkkeot | with all one's strength, with full force 힘껏 줄을 당겼어요 I pulled the rope with all my strength. | |
| 힘없이 | himeopsi | weakly, listlessly, feebly 피곤해서 힘없이 앉아 있었어요 I was tired and sat there listlessly. | |
| -사⁴ | -sa | -company, firm (suffix) · 신문사, 출판사 졸업하고 출판사에서 일하고 싶어요 After graduating, I want to work at a publishing company. | |
| -제³ | -je | (suffix) festival, memorial ceremony · 추모제, 영화제 이번 주말에 부산에서 영화제가 열려요 A film festival is being held in Busan this weekend. | |
| 그리² | geuri | that way, there (toward the place mentioned) · 그리 가다 제가 지금 그리 갈 테니까 거기서 기다리세요 I'll head over there now, so wait for me there. | |
| 담³ | dam | next (colloquial short form) · 담에, 담날 오늘은 바쁘니까 담에 만나요 I'm busy today, so let's meet next time. | |
| 도로² | doro | back (to the original place or state) · 도로 돌아가다, 도로 가져가다 지갑을 두고 와서 집으로 도로 들어갔어요 I left my wallet behind, so I went back into the house. | |
| 명² | myeong | name (in compounds, e.g. title of a work) · 작품명, 회사명 신청서에 회사명과 주소를 써 주세요 Please write the company name and address on the application form. | |
| 부-² | bu- | un-, in-, non- (negative prefix) · 부정확, 부도덕 이 자료는 내용이 부정확해서 다시 확인해야 해요 This material is inaccurate, so we need to check it again. | |
| 실례² | sillye | actual example, real case · 실례를 들다 선생님이 실례를 들어서 설명해 주셔서 이해가 잘 됐어요 The teacher explained it with real examples, so it was easy to understand. | |
| 정의² | jeongui | definition · 사전 정의, 정의를 내리다 이 단어의 정확한 정의를 사전에서 찾아봤어요 I looked up the exact definition of this word in the dictionary. | |
| -권² | -gwon | -right (suffix) · 투표권 · 선거권 만 18세가 되면 투표권이 생겨요 You get the right to vote when you turn 18. | |
| 맨- | maen- | bare, uncovered (prefix) · 맨발, 맨손 신발을 벗고 맨발로 모래사장을 걸었어요 I took off my shoes and walked barefoot on the beach. |
FAQ
- How many TOPIK 4 Korean basics & grammar words are on this list?
- This page lists 268 intermediate-level Korean basics & grammar vocabulary words (TOPIK 4), each with romanization and an English meaning — free, by a certified Korean teacher.
- Is this basics & grammar word list free to use?
- It is free with no sign-up. Browse and search the full list online, switch TOPIK levels above, or open the matching lessons to study the words in context.
A
Written by Alvin Lim Certified Korean Language Teacher (Level 2)