Intermediate Korean Society & Ideas Vocabulary (TOPIK 4)

A complete list of 1556 intermediate-level Korean society & ideas vocabulary words (TOPIK 4). Every word includes romanization and its English meaning, curated by a certified Korean language teacher. Filter to search, or switch levels below.

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Korean Romanization Meaning
가능성 ganeungseong possibility, chance
가라앉다 garaanda to sink, to subside
가르다 gareuda to divide, to split
가리다 garida to cover, to hide, to choose
가만있다 gamanitda to stay still, to keep quiet
가정 gajeong assumption, household, family
가지 gaji eggplant, branch, type
가치 gachi value, worth
가톨릭 gatollik Catholicism, Catholic
각오 gago resolve, determination, readiness
각종 gakjong various kinds, all sorts
간격 gangyeok interval, gap, spacing
간섭 ganseop interference, meddling
간절하다 ganjeolhada to be earnest, to be desperate
간접적 ganjeopjeok indirect, indirect manner
간편하다 ganpyeonhada to be simple and convenient
갇히다 gathida to be trapped, to be locked in
갈등 galdeung conflict, strife
갈라지다 gallajida to split apart, to divide
감소 gamso decrease, reduction
감시 gamsi surveillance, monitoring
감싸다 gamssada to wrap around, to cover protectively
감옥 gamok prison, jail
감추다 gamchuda to hide, to conceal
갑작스럽다 gapjakseureopda to be sudden, to be abrupt
강도 gangdo intensity, degree, robber
강요 gangyo compulsion, coercion
강제 gangje compulsion, force
강조 gangjo emphasis, stress
갖가지 gatgaji all kinds, various sorts
갖추다 gatchuda to equip, to be equipped with
개념 gaenyeom concept, notion
개발 gaebal development, growth
개방 gaebang opening, opening up
개별 gaebyeol individual, separate
개선 gaeseon improvement, betterment
개성 gaeseong individuality, personality
개최 gaechoe hosting, holding an event
개혁 gaehyeok reform, revolution
객관적 gaekgwanjeok objective, objective quality
거대 geodae enormity, hugeness
거들다 geodeulda to help, to assist
거짓 geojit lie, falsehood
건네다 geonneda to hand over, to pass to
건네주다 geonnejuda to hand over, to pass along
건지다 geonjida to rescue, to fish out
건축 geonchuk architecture, construction
격려 gyeongnyeo encouragement, cheering on
겪다 gyeokda to experience, to go through
견해 gyeonhae view, opinion
결론 gyeollon conclusion
결합 gyeolhap combination, union
겹치다 gyeopchida to overlap, to coincide
경계 gyeonggye boundary, border, caution
경고 gyeonggo warning, caution
경력 gyeongnyeok career, work experience
경영 gyeongyeong management, business administration
경쟁력 gyeongjaengnyeok competitiveness
경제력 gyeongjeryeok economic power, financial strength
계기 gyegi opportunity, occasion, trigger
계층 gyecheung social class, stratum, layer
고급스럽다 gogeupseureopda to be luxurious, to feel high-end
고대 godae ancient times, antiquity
고등 godeung high level, advanced
고려 goryeo consideration, deliberation
고요 goyo tranquility, calm, stillness
고전 gojeon classic, classical work
고정 gojeong fixation, being fixed
곧다 gotda to be straight, to be upright
공감 gonggam empathy, sympathy, resonance
공개 gonggae disclosure, making public
공격 gonggyeok attack, assault
공급 gonggeup supply, provision
공동체 gongdongche community, commune
공업 gongeop industry, manufacturing
공적 gongjeok public, official matter
공지 gongji notice, announcement
공해 gonghae pollution, public harm
과소비 gwasobi overconsumption, excessive spending
과속 gwasok speeding, excessive speed
과제 gwaje assignment, task, subject
과학적 gwahakjeok scientific, scientific quality
관심사 gwansimsa area of interest, concern
관점 gwanjeom viewpoint, perspective
굉장하다 goengjanghada to be amazing, to be tremendous
교대 gyodae taking turns, shift change, rotation
교훈 gyohun lesson, moral teaching
구르다 gureuda to roll, to tumble
구별 gubyeol distinction, differentiation
구분 gubun division, classification
구성 guseong composition, formation
구세대 gusedae old generation
구속 gusok restraint, arrest, restriction
구조 gujo structure, rescue
구하다 guhada to obtain, to rescue, to look for
국산 guksan domestic product, made in Korea
국제결혼 gukjegyeolhon international marriage
국제화 gukjehwa internationalization
국회 gukhoe national assembly, parliament
군사 gunsa military affairs
권력 gwollyeok power, authority
권리 gwolli right, entitlement
권위 gwonwi authority, prestige
권유 gwonyu recommendation, suggestion
귀신 gwisin ghost, spirit
귀중하다 gwijunghada to be precious, to be valuable
규모 gyumo scale, size
규정 gyujeong regulation, rule
균형 gyunhyeong balance, equilibrium
그네 geune swing
그래프 geuraepeu graph, chart
극복 geukbok overcoming, conquest
근거 geungeo basis, ground, foundation
근본 geunbon root, foundation, basis
근본적 geunbonjeok fundamental, basic
긁다 geukda to scratch, to scrape
금융 geumyung finance, financial
금하다 geumhada to forbid, to prohibit
급증 geupjeung rapid increase, sudden surge
기독교 gidokgyo Christianity, Protestant
기둥 gidung pillar, column, post
기록 girok record, note
기반 giban foundation, base
기본 gibon basics, fundamentals
기본적 gibonjeok fundamental, basic
기부 gibu donation, contribution
기술 gisul technology, skill, technique
기여 giyeo contribution, service
기운 giun energy, vitality, spirit
기울다 giulda to tilt, to lean, to incline
기원 giwon origin, wish, prayer
기적 gijeok miracle
기존 gijon existing, previous, current
까다롭다 kkadaropda to be picky, to be fussy, to be demanding
까닭 kkadak reason, cause
깔리다 kkallida to be spread, to be laid under
깜깜하다 kkamkkamhada to be pitch dark, to be completely dark
깜박하다 kkambakhada to forget momentarily, to miss
깨다 kkaeda to break, to wake up, to hatch
깨닫다 kkaedatda to realize, to come to understand
깨뜨리다 kkaetteurida to break, to smash
깨물다 kkaemulda to bite
깨어나다 kkaeeonada to wake up, to come to
꺾다 kkeokda to break, to snap, to fold
꼽히다 kkophida to be counted, to be named among
꾸다 kkuda to dream, to borrow
꾸준하다 kkujunhada to be steady, to be persistent, to be consistent
꾸중 kkujung scolding, rebuke
꿈꾸다 kkumkkuda to dream, to have a dream
꿈속 kkumsok inside a dream, dreamland
끄덕이다 kkeudeogida to nod
끊임없다 kkeunimeopda to be endless, to be ceaseless
끌리다 kkeullida to be attracted, to be drawn to
끌어당기다 kkeureodanggida to pull toward, to attract
끝없다 kkeuteopda to be endless, to be boundless
끼다 kkida to wear (glasses/gloves), to get stuck in
끼어들다 kkieodeulda to cut in, to butt in, to intrude
끼우다 kkiuda to insert, to fit in
끼이다 kkiida to be stuck, to be caught between
끼치다 kkichida to cause, to exert influence on
나뉘다 nanwida to be divided, to be split
난리 nalli chaos, uproar, commotion
낭비 nangbi waste, squandering
낮추다 natchuda to lower, to reduce
내놓다 naenota to put out, to present, to produce
내다보다 naedaboda to look out, to look ahead
내려다보다 naeryeodaboda to look down on, to overlook
내밀다 naemilda to stick out, to extend
내버리다 naebeorida to throw away, to discard
내세우다 naeseuda to put forward, to promote, to advocate
내쫓다 naejjotda to drive out, to expel
넉넉하다 neongneokhada to be sufficient, to be ample, to be generous
넓어지다 neolbeojida to become wider, to expand
넓히다 neolhida to widen, to broaden, to expand
넘기다 neomgida to turn over, to pass, to exceed
넘어뜨리다 neomeotteurida to knock down, to topple
네모 nemo square, rectangle
노동 nodong labor, work
논리 nolli logic, reasoning
논리적 nollijeok logical
논의 nonui discussion, deliberation
논쟁 nonjaeng debate, controversy
놀랍다 nollapda to be surprising, to be amazing
놀리다 nollida to move, to operate, to shake
농사일 nongsail farm work, agricultural work
농산물 nongsanmul agricultural products, farm products
농업 nongeop agriculture, farming
놓아두다 noaduda to leave as is, to leave alone
놔두다 nwaduda to leave alone, to leave as is
눈뜨다 nuntteuda to open one's eyes, to awaken
눈앞 nunap right before one's eyes, immediately ahead
늘어놓다 neureonota to lay out, to spread out, to ramble
늘어서다 neureoseoda to line up, to stand in a row
늘이다 neurida to lengthen, to stretch out
늦어지다 neujeojida to become late, to be delayed
늦추다 neutchuda to slow down, to delay, to postpone
다녀가다 danyeogada to stop by and leave, to visit briefly
다듬다 dadeumda to trim, to refine, to polish
다루다 daruda to handle, to deal with, to cover
다름없다 dareumeopda to be no different, to be the same as
다물다 damulda to close (mouth), to shut
다수 dasu majority, large number
다행스럽다 dahaengseureopda to be fortunate, to be lucky, to be a relief
단계 dangye stage, step, phase
단기 dangi short-term
단독 dandok sole, independent, single
단속 dansok crackdown, enforcement, control
달리다 dallida to hang, to be attached, to depend
달성 dalseong achievement, accomplishment
달아나다 daranada to run away, to flee, to escape
달하다 dalhada to reach, to amount to
닳다 dalta to wear out, to be worn down
담 dam wall, fence
담당 damdang person in charge, assignment
담당자 damdangja person in charge, responsible party
답변 dapbyeon reply, response, answer
당기다 danggida to pull, to draw, to attract
당시 dangsi at that time, then
당첨 dangcheom winning, being selected
대가 daega price, cost, reward
대기 daegi atmosphere, air
대기 daegi waiting, standby
대기업 daegieop large corporation, conglomerate
대낮 daenat broad daylight, midday
대다수 daedasu great majority, most
대량 daeryang large quantity, large amount
대립 daerip confrontation, opposition, conflict
대비 daebi contrast, comparison
대비 daebi preparation, countermeasure
대사 daesa ambassador, lines (in a script)
대사 daesa metabolism
대상자 daesangja target person, eligible person
대응 daeeung correspondence, response, countermeasure
대접 daejeop hospitality, treating someone
대조 daejo contrast, comparison
대중문화 daejungmunhwa popular culture, mass culture
대책 daechaek countermeasure, plan, policy
대처 daecheo coping, dealing with
대체 daeche substitution, replacement
대출 daechul loan, lending
댐 daem dam
더불다 deobulda to be together with, to accompany
더위 deowi summer heat, hot weather
덕 deok virtue, grace, benefit
덧붙이다 deotbuchida to add, to append, to supplement
덩어리 deongeori lump, chunk, mass
덮이다 deopida to be covered, to be blanketed
데우다 deuda to heat up, to warm food
도난 donan theft, robbery, burglary
도마 doma cutting board, chopping board
도망 domang escape, flight, running away
도망치다 domangchida to run away, to flee, to escape
도입 doip introduction, adoption, importation
도전 dojeon challenge, attempt
독 dok poison, toxin, venom
독립 dongnip independence, self-reliance
독자 dokja reader, subscriber
독특하다 dokteukhada to be unique, distinctive, peculiar
돌멩이 dolmengi pebble, small stone
돌아보다 doraboda to look back, to reflect, to review
동기 donggi motive, motivation, reason
동기 donggi classmate, colleague of same year
동서남북 dongseonambuk north, south, east, and west, all directions
동양인 dongyangin Asian person, person of Asian descent
동영상 dongyeongsang video, video clip, moving image
동요 dongyo nursery rhyme, childrens song
동의 dongui agreement, consent, approval
동일 dongil sameness, identity, being the same
동포 dongpo compatriot, fellow countryman
동화 donghwa fairy tale, assimilation
동화책 donghwachaek picture book, fairy tale book
되돌아가다 doedoragada to go back, to return
되살리다 doesallida to revive, to restore, to bring back to life
되살아나다 doesaranada to come back to life, to revive, to be restored
되풀이 doepuri repetition, recurrence
두뇌 dunoe brain, intellect
두드러지다 dudeureojida to stand out, to be prominent, to be noticeable
두드리다 dudeurida to knock, to tap, to beat
두려움 duryeoum fear, dread, fright
두려워하다 duryeowohada to be afraid of, to fear, to dread
두르다 dureuda to wrap around, to tie around
둘러보다 dulleoboda to look around, to browse, to survey
둘러싸다 dulleossada to surround, to encircle
둘러싸이다 dulleossaida to be surrounded, to be encircled
둘레 dulle circumference, perimeter, surroundings
둥지 dungji nest, bird nest
뒤늦다 dwineutda to be too late, belated
뒤떨어지다 dwitteoreojida to fall behind, to lag, to be inferior
뒤지다 dwijida to search through, to rummage
뒤지다 dwijida to fall behind, to lose, to be inferior
뒤편 dwipyeon back, rear side, behind
뒷골목 dwitgolmok back alley, back street
뒷모습 dwinmoseup view from behind, appearance from the back
뒷문 dwinmun back door
뒷산 dwitsan hill behind, mountain in the back
드나들다 deunadeulda to come and go, to frequent, to visit regularly
드라이클리닝 deuraikeullining dry cleaning
드러나다 deureonada to be revealed, to come to light, to emerge
드러내다 deureonaeda to reveal, to expose, to show
드물다 deumulda to be rare, uncommon, scarce
들려오다 deullyeooda to be heard coming, to reach ones ears
들리다 deullida to be heard, to be audible
들리다 deullida to be lifted, to be carried, to be raised
들여다보다 deuryeodaboda to peek into, to look inside, to peer at
들이다 deurida to let in, to bring in, to put in
들키다 deulkida to be caught, to be found out, to be discovered
등기 deunggi registered mail, registration
등장 deungjang appearance, entry, debut
디자이너 dijaineo designer
따님 ttanim someone elses daughter (honorific)
따라다니다 ttaradanida to follow around, to tag along
따르다 ttareuda to follow, to comply with, to obey
따지다 ttajida to question closely, to examine, to argue
땅바닥 ttangbadak ground, ground surface, floor
땅콩 ttangkong peanut
때 ttae time, moment, occasion
때리다 ttaerida to hit, to strike, to beat
떼 tte group, herd, flock, crowd
떼다 tteda to detach, to remove, to tear off
똥 ttong feces, excrement, poop
뚜껑 ttukkeong lid, cap, cover
뚜렷하다 tturyeothada to be clear, distinct, vivid, obvious
뚫리다 ttullida to be pierced through, to be drilled through
뛰어다니다 ttwieodanida to run around, to scurry about
뛰어들다 ttwieodeulda to jump into, to plunge into, to leap into
뜨다 tteuda to float, to rise, to appear
뜯다 tteutda to pull off, to tear, to pluck
뜰 tteul garden, yard, courtyard
뜻밖 tteutbak unexpected, surprise, unforeseen
띄다 ttuida to catch the eye, to stand out, to be visible
띠 tti band, stripe, sash, zodiac sign
띠다 ttida to wear, to bear, to carry, to have a quality
량 ryang amount, quantity, volume
렌즈 renjeu lens
리모컨 rimokeon remote control
마디 madi word, syllable, joint, section
마땅하다 mattanghada to be proper, suitable, appropriate, deserved
마루 maru wooden floor, hall, living room floor
마무리 mamuri finishing, wrapping up, final touch
마약 mayak drugs, narcotics
마음먹다 maeummeokda to make up ones mind, to decide, to intend
마주치다 majuchida to run into, to encounter by chance, to bump into
마찬가지 machangaji same, likewise, the same thing
마찰 machal friction, conflict, clash
만만하다 manmanhada to be easy, manageable, not intimidating
만점 manjeom perfect score, full marks
말기 malgi late stage, final period, end stage
말다 malda to roll, to stop doing, to quit
말다툼 maldatum argument, quarrel, verbal fight
말리다 mallida to dry, to discourage, to prevent
말투 maltu way of speaking, tone, manner of speech
맘 mam mind, heart, feelings (colloquial)
망가지다 manggajida to be ruined, to be broken, to be wrecked
망설이다 mangseorida to hesitate, to waver, to be indecisive
망치다 mangchida to ruin, to spoil, to wreck
망하다 manghada to fail, to go bankrupt, to go under
맞벌이 matbeori dual income, both spouses working
맞서다 matseoda to confront, to stand up to, to oppose
맞춤법 matchumbeop spelling, orthography
맞히다 mathida to hit the mark, to get the correct answer
매달리다 maedallida to hang on to, to cling to, to be devoted to
매력 maeryeok charm, appeal, attraction
매체 maeche medium, media, means of communication
맺다 maetda to form, to establish, to tie, to conclude
머리칼 meorikal hair, strands of hair
머릿속 meoritsok inside ones head, in ones mind
머무르다 meomureuda to stay, to remain, to linger
머물다 meomulda to stay, to remain, to reside temporarily
멀어지다 meoreojida to grow distant, to become far, to drift apart
멀쩡하다 meoljjeonghada to be perfectly fine, undamaged, intact
멎다 meotda to stop, to cease, to come to a halt
메달 medal medal
메우다 meuda to fill up, to plug, to make up for
며느리 myeoneuri daughter-in-law
면담 myeondam interview, personal consultation
면도 myeondo shaving, shave
면하다 myeonhada to avoid, to escape, to be exempt from
면허 myeonheo license, permit
명령 myeongnyeong order, command
명예 myeongye honor, fame, glory
명확하다 myeonghwakhada to be clear, precise, definite, explicit
모여들다 moyeodeulda to gather, to flock together, to crowd
모험 moheom adventure, risk
목구멍 mokgumeong throat, gullet
목사 moksa pastor, minister, reverend
목숨 moksum life, ones life
몫 mok share, portion, ones due
몰다 molda to drive, to herd, to chase
몰라보다 mollaboda to fail to recognize, to not notice a change
몰려오다 mollyeooda to come crowding, to come flooding in
몰리다 mollida to be driven, to be cornered, to be rushed
몸매 mommae figure, body shape, physique
못나다 monnada to be ugly, unattractive, worthless
못지않다 motjianta to be no less than, as good as, comparable to
무관심 mugwansim indifference, lack of interest
무관하다 mugwanhada to be unrelated, irrelevant, not concerned
무기 mugi weapon, arms
무너지다 muneojida to collapse, to crumble, to fall down
무리 muri group, crowd, unreasonableness
무시 musi ignoring, disregarding, contempt
무의미 muuimi meaninglessness, pointlessness
무지개 mujigae rainbow
묶이다 mukkida to be bound, to be tied, to be restricted
문명 munmyeong civilization, culture
문서 munseo document, paper, record
문제점 munjejeom problem point, issue, weakness
문화적 munhwajeok cultural, relating to culture
묻다 mutda to bury, to embed, to submerge
묻히다 muthida to be buried, to be hidden, to be smeared
묻히다 muthida to be stained, to be covered with, to be smeared
물감 mulgam paint, pigment, coloring
물결 mulgyeol wave, ripple, current
물기 mulgi moisture, dampness
물들다 muldeulda to be dyed, to be colored, to be influenced
물속 mulsok underwater, inside the water
물질 muljil matter, substance, material things
물질적 muljiljeok material, physical, relating to matter
뭉치다 mungchida to clump together, to unite, to bunch up
미니 mini mini, miniature
미디어 midieo media, medium
미련 miryeon lingering attachment, reluctance to let go
미움 mium hatred, dislike, resentment
미지근하다 mijigeunhada to be lukewarm, tepid, not hot or cold
미치다 michida to go crazy, to go mad
미치다 michida to reach, to extend to, to affect
미혼 mihon unmarried, single, not yet wed
민족 minjok people, ethnic group, nation
민주주의 minjujuui democracy, democratic principles
믿음 mideum trust, faith, belief
밑바닥 mitbadak bottom, very bottom, rock bottom
바가지 bagaji gourd bowl, rip-off, overcharge
바람직하다 baramjikhada to be desirable, ideal, advisable
바래다주다 baraedajuda to see someone off, to escort home
바로잡다 barojapda to correct, to set right, to fix
바르다 bareuda to be upright, correct, straight, right
바치다 bachida to dedicate, to offer, to give up
박다 bakda to drive in, to nail, to embed
박스 bakseu box, carton
박히다 bakhida to be stuck in, to be embedded, to be fixed
반값 bangap half price
반기다 bangida to welcome, to greet gladly
반발 banbal backlash, resistance, repulsion
반성 banseong reflection, self-examination
반영 banyeong reflection, representation
반응 baneung reaction, response
반장 banjang class president, team leader
반품 banpum return of goods, product return
받아들이다 badadeurida to accept, to take in
받침 batchim final consonant, bottom consonant in syllable block
발걸음 balgeoreum footstep, pace
발길 balgil footstep, foot traffic
발꿈치 balkkumchi heel
발끝 balkkeut tip of the foot, toes
발등 baldeung top of the foot, instep
발생 balsaeng occurrence, outbreak
발톱 baltop toenail
밝혀내다 bakhyeonaeda to uncover, to reveal
밝혀지다 bakhyeojida to be revealed, to come to light
밟히다 balhida to be stepped on, to be trodden on
밤중 bamjung middle of the night, dead of night
밥맛 bammat taste of rice, appetite, flavor of food
방면 bangmyeon direction, area, field
방바닥 bangbadak floor of a room, ondol floor
방안 bangan measure, plan, inside a room
방지 bangji prevention
배경 baegyeong background, setting
배꼽 baekkop navel, belly button
배려 baeryeo consideration, thoughtfulness
배송 baesong delivery, shipping
배우자 baeuja spouse, partner
뱉다 baetda to spit out, to expel
버티다 beotida to endure, to hold out, to resist
번갈다 beongalda to alternate, to take turns
번거롭다 beongeoropda to be cumbersome, to be troublesome
벌 beol bee, wasp; set, suit (counter)
벌리다 beollida to open wide, to spread apart
벌어지다 beoreojida to open up, to come apart
벌어지다 beoreojida to happen, to occur, to break out
벌이다 beorida to start, to carry out, to set off
범위 beomwi range, scope
범인 beomin criminal, culprit
법률 beomnyul law, legislation
법원 beobwon court, law court
법적 beopjeok legal, juridical
벗어나다 beoseonada to escape from, to get out of
베개 begae pillow
베풀다 bepulda to bestow, to show generosity, to give
벼 byeo rice plant, paddy
변동 byeondong change, fluctuation
변명 byeonmyeong excuse, justification
별다르다 byeoldareuda to be different, to be unusual
별도 byeoldo separate, distinct
병들다 byeongdeulda to fall ill, to become sick
보급 bogeup supply, distribution, spread
보도 bodo report, news coverage; footpath, sidewalk
보리차 boricha barley tea
보물 bomul treasure
보살피다 bosalpida to look after, to care for, to tend to
보상 bosang compensation, reward
보수 bosu repair, maintenance; conservative
보안 boan security, safety
보완 bowan supplement, complementation
보장 bojang guarantee, assurance
보전 bojeon preservation, conservation
보조 bojo assistance, support, subsidy
보존 bojon preservation, conservation
보충 bochung supplement, replenishment
복수 boksu revenge, plural
볶음 bokkeum stir-fried dish
본능 bonneung instinct
본부 bonbu headquarters, main office
본질 bonjil essence, nature
볼 bol cheek
부 bu part, section; wealth, riches
부끄러움 bukkeureoum shame, embarrassment
부담스럽다 budamseureopda to feel burdensome, to feel pressured
부대 budae military unit, troops
부딪치다 buditchida to collide with, to crash into
부딪히다 budithida to be hit by, to be bumped
부문 bumun sector, field, area
부분적 bubunjeok partial, in part
부상 busang injury, wound; rise (in prominence)
부서 buseo department, division
부서지다 buseojida to break apart, to shatter
부수다 busuda to break, to smash
부위 buwi body part, area of the body
부작용 bujagyong side effect
부정 bujeong negation, denial
부정 bujeong injustice, corruption
부정확 bujeonghwak inaccuracy, imprecision
부족 bujok shortage, lack, tribe
부주의 bujuui carelessness, inattention
부처 bucheo Buddha, government ministry
부치다 buchida to mail, to send; to fry (pancake)
부품 bupum component, part, spare part
북미 bungmi North America
분노 bunno anger, rage, fury
분량 bullyang quantity, volume, amount
분류 bullyu classification, categorization
분수 bunsu fountain; fraction (math)
분수 bunsu one's station in life, bounds
분야 bunya field, domain, area
분포 bunpo distribution, spread
불가 bulga impossibility, not permitted
불가능 bulganeung impossibility
불가피하다 bulgapihada to be unavoidable, to be inevitable
불교 bulgyo Buddhism
불구하다 bulguhada to be regardless of, despite
불러일으키다 bulleoireukida to evoke, to arouse, to stir up
불리 bulli disadvantage, unfavorable condition
불리다 bullida to be called, to be named
불법 bulbeop illegal, unlawful
불빛 bulbit light, glow, gleam
불어오다 bureooda to blow over, to waft in
불이익 buriik disadvantage, detriment
불충분 bulchungbun insufficiency, inadequacy
불평등 bulpyeongdeung inequality, inequity
불필요 bulpiryo unnecessariness
불확실 bulhwaksil uncertainty, instability
붙들다 butdeulda to grab and hold, to catch
붙잡다 butjapda to seize, to grab, to catch
붙잡히다 butjaphida to be caught, to be seized
비결 bigyeol secret, key (to success)
비극 bigeuk tragedy
비난 binan criticism, blame
비닐 binil vinyl, plastic film
비롯되다 birotdoeda to originate from, to stem from
비롯하다 birothada to begin with, to start from
비만 biman obesity, overweight
비명 bimyeong scream, shriek
비바람 bibaram rain and wind, storm
비상 bisang emergency; flying
비상하다 bisanghada to be extraordinary, to be remarkable
비우다 biuda to empty, to vacate
비웃다 biutda to mock, to laugh at, to sneer
비유 biyu metaphor, analogy
비율 biyul ratio, rate, proportion
비중 bijung weight, relative importance
비추다 bichuda to shine on, to illuminate
비판 bipan criticism, critique
비판적 bipanjeok critical, critical-minded
빗 bit comb
빗물 binmul rainwater
빗방울 bitbangul raindrop
빚 bit debt
빚다 bitda to mold, to shape; to cause, to brew
빛깔 bitkkal color, hue
빛나다 binnada to shine, to gleam
빠뜨리다 ppatteurida to drop, to cause to fall; to leave out
빠져나가다 ppajyeonagada to escape from, to get out
빠져나오다 ppajyeonaoda to get out, to come out of
빼놓다 ppaenota to set aside, to exclude
빼앗기다 ppaeatgida to have taken away, to lose
빼앗다 ppaeatda to take away, to snatch
뺨 ppyam cheek
뻗다 ppeotda to stretch out, to extend
뽑히다 ppophida to be selected, to be chosen, to be pulled out
뿌리치다 ppurichida to shake off, to push away
사고방식 sagobangsik way of thinking, mindset
사기 sagi fraud, swindle; morale, spirit
사내 sanae man, male; inside a company
사냥 sanyang hunting
사례 sarye case, example, instance
사막 samak desert
사망 samang death, fatality
사무직 samujik office job, clerical position
사방 sabang all directions, everywhere
사상 sasang ideology, thought, idea
사설 saseol editorial, private school
사소하다 sasohada to be trivial, to be minor
사업자 saeopja business owner, entrepreneur
사연 sayeon story, circumstance, reason
사용자 sayongja user, consumer
사위 sawi son-in-law
사이버 saibeo cyber, virtual
사이좋다 saijota to be on good terms, to get along well
사정 sajeong situation, circumstances, reason
사진첩 sajincheop photo album
사춘기 sachungi puberty, adolescence
사태 satae situation, state of affairs
사투리 saturi dialect, regional accent
사표 sapyo letter of resignation
사회생활 sahoesaenghwal social life, life in society
산불 sanbul forest fire, wildfire
산속 sansok inside the mountain, deep in the mountains
살리다 sallida to save, to rescue, to make use of
살림 sallim household, housekeeping
살아가다 saragada to live on, to get by
살아남다 saranamda to survive
살아오다 saraoda to have lived until now, to come through
삼다 samda to make into, to treat as
상가 sangga shopping area, commercial district
상관 sanggwan boss, superior; relevance, relation
상금 sanggeum prize money, reward money
상담실 sangdamsil counseling room
상당하다 sangdanghada to be considerable, to be substantial
상대적 sangdaejeok-sangdaejeok relative, comparative
상대편 sangdaepyeon opposing side, other party
상류 sangnyu upper stream, upper class
상반기 sangbangi first half of the year
상사 sangsa supervisor, boss
상상 sangsang imagination, fantasy
상상력 sangsangnyeok imagination, imaginative power
상승 sangseung rise, increase
상업 sangeop commerce, trade
상징 sangjing symbol, representation
상쾌하다 sangkwaehada to be refreshing, to be pleasant
상하 sangha upper and lower, top and bottom
생겨나다 saenggyeonada to come into being, to arise
생기 saenggi vitality, liveliness
생략 saengnyak omission, abbreviation
생명 saengmyeong life, living things
생산 saengsan production, output
생생하다 saengsaenghada to be vivid, to be fresh and clear
생존 saengjon survival, existence
서양인 seoyangin Westerner, Western person
서운하다 seounhada to feel regretful, to feel let down
서적 seojeok book, publication
서툴다 seotulda to be unskilled, to be inexperienced
섞이다 seokkida to be mixed in, to be blended
선거 seongeo election, vote
선전 seonjeon propaganda, promotion
선정 seonjeong selection, designation
선진 seonjin advanced, leading
선진국 seonjinguk developed country
선호 seonho preference, liking
설득 seoldeuk persuasion
설레다 seolleda to feel excited, to feel thrilled
설립 seollip establishment, founding
설정 seoljeong setting, configuration
섭씨 seopssi Celsius, centigrade
성공적 seonggongjeok successful, productive
성과 seonggwa result, achievement, outcome
성립 seongnip establishment, formation
성숙 seongsuk maturity, ripeness
성장 seongjang growth, development
성적표 seongjeokpyo report card, transcript
성질 seongjil nature, temperament, property
세계적 segyejeok global, worldwide
세계화 segyehwa globalization
세금 segeum tax
세대 sedae generation
세대 sedae household unit
세력 seryeok force, power, influence
세모 semo triangle shape
세미나 semina seminar, workshop
소규모 sogyumo small scale
소녀 sonyeo girl, young girl
소년 sonyeon boy, young boy
소득 sodeuk income, earnings
소리치다 sorichida to shout, to yell
소문나다 somunnada to become rumored, to spread as gossip
소방차 sobangcha fire truck
소비 sobi consumption, spending
소비자 sobija consumer
소수 sosu minority, small number, decimal
소스 soseu sauce, source
소용 soyong use, benefit, avail
소용없다 soyongeopda to be useless, to be of no avail
소유 soyu ownership, possession
소음 soeum noise, sound pollution
소재 sojae material, subject matter, location
소지품 sojipum personal belongings, items carried
소형 sohyeong small size, compact
소홀하다 soholhada to be negligent, to be careless
속다 sokda to be deceived, to be fooled
속이다 sogida to deceive, to trick
속하다 sokhada to belong to, to be part of
손길 songil touch of a hand, helping hand
손끝 sonkkeut fingertip
손쉽다 sonswipda to be easy, to be simple
손잡다 sonjapda to hold hands
손잡이 sonjabi handle, knob
손질 sonjil trimming, grooming, maintenance
손톱 sontop fingernail
손해 sonhae loss, damage
솟다 sotda to rise, to soar, to spring up
송아지 songaji calf (young cow)
쇠 soe iron, metal
수년 sunyeon several years, a number of years
수도권 sudogwon Seoul metropolitan area, capital region
수도꼭지 sudokkokji faucet, tap
수돗물 sudonmul tap water
수동적 sudongjeok passive, passivity
수만 suman tens of thousands
수명 sumyeong lifespan, life expectancy
수백 subaek hundreds, several hundred
수사 susa numeral, criminal investigation
수상 susang receiving an award, winning a prize
수속 susok procedure, formalities
수수께끼 susukkekki riddle, puzzle
수십 susip tens, several tens
수요 suyo demand
수용 suyong accommodation, acceptance, capacity
수입품 suippum imported goods, imported products
수준 sujun level, standard
수천 sucheon thousands, several thousand
수행 suhaeng performance, execution, carrying out
숙녀 sungnyeo lady, gentlewoman
숙이다 sugida to bow, to lower, to bend down
순간적 sunganjeok momentary, instantaneous
순식간 sunsikgan instant, flash, split second
순위 sunwi ranking, rank
순진 sunjin innocence, naivety
순하다 sunhada to be gentle, to be mild, to be meek
술병 sulbyeong liquor bottle, wine bottle
술자리 suljari drinking party, drinking occasion
숨 sum breath, breathing
숨기다 sumgida to hide, to conceal
숨소리 sumsori sound of breathing
숨지다 sumjida to die, to pass away
스님 seunim Buddhist monk
스위치 seuwichi switch
스치다 seuchida to brush against, to graze, to pass by
스케줄 seukejul schedule
스튜디오 seutyudio studio
승낙 seungnak consent, approval, permission
승리 seungni victory, win
승용차 seungyongcha passenger car, sedan
승패 seungpae victory or defeat, outcome
시각 sigak time, point in time, visual angle
시금치 sigeumchi spinach
시달리다 sidallida to suffer from, to be tormented by
시댁 sidaek husband's family home, in-laws' home
시도 sido attempt, try
시력 siryeok eyesight, vision
시리즈 sirijeu series
시멘트 simenteu cement
시부모 sibumo husband's parents, parents-in-law
시선 siseon gaze, line of sight
시스템 siseutem system
시야 siya field of vision, view
시인 siin poet
시일 siil time, days, period
시절 sijeol days, period of time, era
시점 sijeom point in time, moment
시중 sijung market, marketplace
시청 sicheong city hall, viewing
시청률 sicheongnyul viewer ratings, ratings
시청자 sicheongja viewer, audience member
시합 sihap match, game, competition
시행 sihaeng implementation, enforcement
식량 singnyang food supply, provisions
식물 singmul plant, vegetation
식욕 sigyok appetite
신 sin shoe, god, deity
신념 sinnyeom belief, conviction
신맛 sinmat sour taste, sourness
신비 sinbi mystery, wonder
신세 sinse one's situation, being indebted
신세대 sinsedae new generation, younger generation
신앙 sinang faith, religious belief
신제품 sinjepum new product
신중 sinjung prudence, carefulness
신체적 sinchejeok physical, bodily
신화 sinhwa myth, legend
실감 silgam sense of reality, feeling real
실례 sillye rudeness, discourtesy
실습 silseup practice, practicum, training
실시 silsi implementation, putting into practice
실업 sireop unemployment
실용적 siryongjeok practical, utilitarian
실장 siljang section chief, department head
실천 silcheon practice, putting into action
실체 silche substance, entity, real form
실험 silheom experiment, test
실현 silhyeon realization, achievement
심리적 simnijeok psychological, mental
심부름 simbureum errand, chore
심사 simsa judging, examination, deliberation
심정 simjeong feelings, inner state of mind
심판 simpan referee, judgment
싸구려 ssaguryeo cheap goods, cheapo
싸움 ssaum fight, quarrel
싸이다 ssaida to be wrapped, to be surrounded
싼값 ssangap low price, bargain price
쏘다 ssoda to shoot, to sting, to fire
쐬다 ssoeda to get some fresh air, to be exposed to
쑤시다 ssusida to ache, to throb, to poke
쓰다듬다 sseudadeumda to stroke, to pat, to caress
쓴맛 sseunmat bitter taste, bitterness
쓸쓸하다 sseulsseulhada to be lonely, to be desolate
씌우다 ssuiuda to put on, to cover, to place over
아깝다 akkapda to be a waste, to be a pity
아동 adong child, children
아드님 adeunim your son (honorific)
아무렇다 amureota to be a certain way, to be so
아쉬움 aswium regret, feeling of missing out
악몽 angmong nightmare
악취 akchwi foul smell, stench
악화 akhwa worsening, deterioration
안기다 angida to be held, to be embraced
안기다 angida to embrace, to hold in arms
안내소 annaeso information center, visitor center
안되다 andoeda to be a pity, to be unfortunate
안타까워하다 antakkawohada to feel sorry for, to pity
안타깝다 antakkapda to be regrettable, to be unfortunate
안팎 anpak inside and outside, approximately
앉히다 anhida to seat someone, to make sit
알아맞히다 aramathida to guess correctly, to figure out
알차다 alchada to be substantial, to be fulfilling
앓다 alta to be ill, to suffer from illness
암기 amgi memorization, rote learning
압력 amnyeok pressure, stress
앞길 apgil path ahead, future road
앞두다 apduda to have ahead, to be approaching
앞바다 apbada sea in front, offshore waters
앞서다 apseoda to go ahead, to be in front
앞세우다 apseuda to put forward, to emphasize, to lead with
앞장서다 apjangseoda to take the lead, to go at the front
애 ae child, effort
애쓰다 aesseuda to strive, to make effort
애정 aejeong affection, love, attachment
액수 aeksu amount, sum of money
야간 yagan nighttime, night shift
야단 yadan scolding, fuss, commotion
야하다 yahada to be flashy, to be revealing, to be lewd
약점 yakjeom weak point, weakness
약혼 yakhon engagement
약혼녀 yakhonnyeo fiancee
약혼자 yakhonja fiance, betrothed
얌전 yamjeon quietness, gentle manner
양국 yangguk both countries, two nations
양심 yangsim conscience
얕다 yatda to be shallow
어긋나다 eogeunnada to go wrong, to deviate, to clash
어둠 eodum darkness
어려워하다 eoryeowohada to find difficult, to struggle with
어르신 eoreusin elder, elderly person (respectful)
어리석다 eoriseokda to be foolish, to be stupid
어린애 eorinae young child, little kid
어색하다 eosaekhada to be awkward, to be uncomfortable
어찌하다 eojjihada to do how, to deal with
억양 eogyang intonation, pitch accent
억울하다 eogulhada to feel wronged, to feel unjust
언급 eongeup mention, reference
언론 eollon press, media
얹다 eonda to place on top, to put on
엄격 eomgyeok strictness, severity
엄숙하다 eomsukhada to be solemn, to be grave
엄청나다 eomcheongnada to be enormous, to be tremendous
업계 eopgye industry, trade, business sector
업적 eopjeok achievement, accomplishment
업체 eopche company, business, firm
엉뚱하다 eongttunghada to be absurd, to be unexpected
엉망 eongmang mess, chaos, disaster
엉터리 eongteori nonsense, sham, fraud
엎드리다 eopdeurida to lie face down, to prostrate
에너지 eneoji energy
여건 yeogeon conditions, circumstances
여고 yeogo girls high school
여럿 yeoreot several, many people or things
여부 yeobu whether or not, question of
역사상 yeoksasang in history, historically
엮다 yeokda to weave, to compile, to string together
연간 yeongan annually, per year
연관 yeongwan connection, association, relation
연구소 yeonguso research institute, laboratory
연구실 yeongusil research lab, research room
연구원 yeonguwon researcher, research institute member
연구원 yeonguwon researcher
연구자 yeonguja researcher
연기 yeongi acting, performance, smoke
연기자 yeongija actor, actress, performer
연도 yeondo year
연령 yeollyeong age, years of age
연못 yeonmot pond
연봉 yeonbong annual salary
연설 yeonseol speech, address
연속 yeonsok continuation, series, continuity
연체 yeonche overdue payment, late payment
연체료 yeoncheryo late fee, overdue charge
연탄 yeontan briquette, coal briquet
연합 yeonhap union, alliance, coalition
열기 yeolgi heat, enthusiasm, fever
열매 yeolmae fruit, berry
열정 yeoljeong passion, enthusiasm
열중 yeoljung concentration, absorption
염색 yeomsaek dyeing, hair dyeing
엿보다 yeotboda to peek at, to spy on
영업 yeongeop business, sales, operation
영역 yeongyeok area, domain, field
영원 yeongwon eternity, forever
영향력 yeonghyangnyeok influence, power of influence
영혼 yeonghon soul, spirit
예감 yegam premonition, hunch
예비 yebi preparation, reserve
예산 yesan budget
예선 yeseon preliminary round, qualifier
예술가 yesulga artist
예술적 yesuljeok artistic
예외 yeoe exception
오가다 ogada to come and go, to travel back and forth
오락 orak entertainment, amusement
오르내리다 oreunaerida to go up and down, to fluctuate
오른발 oreunbal right foot
오염 oyeom pollution, contamination
옥수수 oksusu corn
온라인 ollain online
올려다보다 ollyeodaboda to look up at
완벽 wanbyeok perfection
완전 wanjeon completeness, perfection
외갓집 oegatjip maternal grandparents' home
외로움 oeroum loneliness, solitude
외면 oemyeon turning away, ignoring
외아들 oeadeul only son
외출복 oechulbok going-out clothes, outdoor wear
외치다 oechida to shout, to cry out
왼편 oenpyeon left side
요구 yogu demand, request
요새 yosae these days, lately, fortress
요소 yoso element, factor
요약 yoyak summary, outline
요인 yoin factor, cause
요즈음 yojeueum nowadays, these days
요청 yocheong request, asking
욕 yok swearing, cursing, insult
욕망 yongmang desire, craving
욕심 yoksim greed, desire
용감하다 yonggamhada to be brave, to be courageous
용건 yonggeon business matter, errand
용도 yongdo use, purpose
용서 yongseo forgiveness, pardon
용어 yongeo term, terminology
우기다 ugida to insist stubbornly, to persist
우려 uryeo concern, worry
우승 useung victory, championship
우아하다 uahada to be elegant, to be graceful
우연 uyeon coincidence, chance
운영 unyeong management, operation
울음소리 ureumsori sound of crying, crying sound
움직임 umjigim movement, motion
웃음소리 useumsori sound of laughter, laughing sound
원 won won (Korean currency unit)
원리 wolli principle, theory
원서 wonseo application form, original document
원칙 wonchik principle, rule
월말 wolmal end of month
웬만하다 wenmanhada to be passable, to be tolerable
위기 wigi crisis
위대하다 widaehada to be great, to be magnificent
위로 wiro comfort, consolation
위반 wiban violation, infringement
위아래 wiarae up and down, top and bottom
위원회 wiwonhoe committee
위험성 wiheomseong danger, risk
위협 wihyeop threat, intimidation
유교 yugyo Confucianism
유능 yuneung competence, capability
유리 yuri glass, advantage
유리창 yurichang glass window
유산 yusan heritage, inheritance
유일 yuil uniqueness, being the only one
유지 yuji maintenance, preservation
유창하다 yuchanghada to be fluent, to be eloquent
유치하다 yuchihada to be childish, to be immature
유통 yutong distribution, circulation
유형 yuhyeong type, category
유혹 yuhok temptation, lure
육군 yukgun army, army branch
육지 yukji land (as opposed to sea)
육체 yukche body, flesh
육체적 yukchejeok physical, bodily
은혜 eunhye grace, favor, blessing
음반 eumban music album, record
응시 eungsi gazing, staring, taking an exam
의도 uido intention, intent
의류 uiryu clothing, apparel
의무 uimu duty, obligation
의무적 uimujeok obligatory, compulsory
의문 uimun question, doubt
의복 uibok clothing, dress
의상 uisang costume, outfit
의식 uisik consciousness, ceremony
의식 uisik consciousness, awareness
의심 uisim suspicion, doubt
의외 uioe unexpectedness, surprise
의욕 uiyok motivation, will, drive
의존 uijon dependence, reliance
의지 uiji will, willpower
의지 uiji to lean on, to rely on
이내 inae within, inside (distance or time)
이념 inyeom ideology, idea
이달 idal this month
이론 iron theory
이롭다 iropda to be beneficial, to be advantageous
이룩하다 irukhada to achieve, to accomplish
이르다 ireuda to tell, to say
이르다 ireuda to reach, to arrive at
이민 imin immigration, emigration
이발 ibal haircut
이벤트 ibenteu event, special occasion
이별 ibyeol parting, farewell, separation
이상적 isangjeok ideal, idealistic
이성 iseong reason, the opposite sex
이어지다 ieojida to be connected, to continue
이익 iik profit, benefit
이전 ijeon before, previous, relocation
이해관계 ihaegwangye interests, stakes
이혼 ihon divorce
익다 ikda to be familiar, to be ripe, to be cooked
익히다 ikhida to cook, to learn, to master
인간 ingan human being, person
인간관계 ingangwangye human relationships
인간성 inganseong humanity, human nature
인간적 inganjeok human, humane
인격 ingyeok character, personality
인공 ingong artificial, man-made
인력 illyeok manpower, labor
인류 illyu humanity, humankind
인식 insik recognition, awareness, perception
인연 inyeon fate, bond, connection
인용 inyong quotation, citation
인재 injae talented person, talent
인정 injeong recognition, acknowledgment
인정 injeong warmth, human feeling
인정받다 injeongbatda to be recognized, to receive acknowledgment
인체 inche human body
인하 inha reduction, lowering (price)
인하다 inhada to be due to, to be caused by
일교차 ilgyocha daily temperature range
일대 ildae area, zone, region
일등 ildeung first place, top rank
일반인 ilbanin ordinary person, layperson
일반적 ilbanjeok general, typical
일부분 ilbubun a part, a portion
일상 ilsang daily life, everyday
일상적 ilsangjeok everyday, daily, routine
일생 ilsaeng lifetime, one's whole life
일석이조 ilseogijo killing two birds with one stone
일손 ilson help, helping hands, workforce
일시 ilsi date and time, temporary
일시불 ilsibul lump-sum payment
일으키다 ireukida to cause, to stir up, to raise
일종 iljong a kind of, a sort of
일치 ilchi agreement, consistency, matching
일회용 ilhoeyong disposable (for single use)
일회용품 ilhoeyongpum disposable goods
읽히다 ikhida to be read, to be easy to read
읽히다 ikhida to make read, to have read
임금 imgeum wage, salary, king
임무 immu mission, duty, task
임시 imsi temporary, provisional
임신 imsin pregnancy
입금 ipgeum deposit, incoming payment
입대 ipdae enlistment (military)
입력 imnyeok input, data entry
입사 ipsa joining a company, getting a job
입시 ipsi entrance exam
입장 ipjang position, standpoint, admission
입장 ipjang admission, entering a venue
잇따르다 itttareuda to follow in succession, to occur one after another
자격증 jagyeokjeung certificate, license
자극 jageuk stimulus, stimulation
자라나다 jaranada to grow up, to grow
자랑스럽다 jarangseureopda to be proud of, to feel proud
자막 jamak subtitle, caption
자본 jabon capital (finance)
자부심 jabusim pride, self-esteem
자살 jasal suicide
자세 jase posture, attitude, stance
자신감 jasingam confidence, self-confidence
자연스럽다 jayeonseureopda to be natural, to be unforced
자연적 jayeonjeok natural, naturally occurring
자연환경 jayeonhwangyeong natural environment
자원 jawon resource, volunteer
자존심 jajonsim self-esteem, pride
자취 jachwi trace, living alone
작가 jakga writer, author
작곡 jakgok musical composition, composing
작곡가 jakgokga composer
작동 jakdong operation, functioning
작문 jangmun writing, composition (essay)
작업 jageop work, task, operation
작용 jagyong action, effect, function
작전 jakjeon operation, tactics, strategy
작품 jakpum work, piece, creation
잔소리 jansori nagging, lecturing, nitpicking
잘살다 jalsalda to live well, to be well-off
잠기다 jamgida to be locked, to be submerged
잠들다 jamdeulda to fall asleep
잡아당기다 jabadanggida to pull, to drag
장가 jangga marriage (for a man)
장관 janggwan minister, spectacular view
장기간 janggigan long period, long term
장기적 janggijeok long-term
장난 jangnan prank, mischief, play
장남 jangnam eldest son
장모 jangmo mother-in-law (wife's mother)
장사 jangsa business, trade, selling
장애 jangae obstacle, disability, barrier
장애인 jangaein person with a disability
장인 jangin father-in-law (wife's father), craftsman
장하다 janghada to be praiseworthy, to be admirable
재능 jaeneung talent, gift
재떨이 jaetteori ashtray
재산 jaesan property, assets, wealth
재생 jaesaeng regeneration, playback, recycling
재수 jaesu luck, good fortune, retaking an exam
재작년 jaejangnyeon the year before last
재주 jaeju skill, talent, ability
재판 jaepan trial, judgment
재학생 jaehaksaeng current student, enrolled student
재활용품 jaehwaryongpum recyclable goods
저급 jeogeup low grade, low level
저장 jeojang storage, saving
저지르다 jeojireuda to commit, to do (something bad)
적 jeok enemy, foe
적극 jeokgeuk proactiveness, enthusiasm, positivity
적성 jeokseong aptitude, fit, suitability
적어지다 jeogeojida to decrease, to become less
적용 jeogyong application, implementation
적자 jeokja deficit, red ink, phonetic reading
적절하다 jeokjeolhada to be appropriate, to be suitable
전문적 jeonmunjeok specialized, professional
전문직 jeonmunjik professional occupation
전제 jeonje premise, precondition
전체적 jeonchejeok overall, comprehensive
전후 jeonhu before and after, around (time)
절대적 jeoldaejeok absolute, absoluteness
절망 jeolmang despair, hopelessness
절반 jeolban half, halfway
절차 jeolcha procedure, process
젊음 jeolmeum youth, youthfulness
점검 jeomgeom inspection, checkup
점심때 jeomsimttae lunchtime, around noon
점잖다 jeomjanta to be dignified, well-mannered
접근 jeopgeun access, approach
접속 jeopsok connection, access (internet)
접어들다 jeobeodeulda to enter, head into (a period)
접촉 jeopchok contact, touch
접하다 jeophada to encounter, come into contact with
정기 jeonggi regular period, fixed term
정기적 jeonggijeok regular, periodic
정당 jeongdang political party
정면 jeongmyeon front, head-on
정보화 jeongbohwa informatization, digitalization
정부 jeongbu government
정상 jeongsang normality, summit, top
정상적 jeongsangjeok normal, standard
정성 jeongseong sincerity, wholehearted care
정식 jeongsik formal, regular (meal/style)
정신적 jeongsinjeok mental, psychological
정의 jeongui justice, definition
정지 jeongji stop, halt
정직 jeongjik honesty, integrity
정착 jeongchak settlement, establishment
정책 jeongchaek policy
정치인 jeongchiin politician
정치적 jeongchijeok political
제도 jedo system, institution
제때 jettae the right time, on time
제사 jesa ancestral rite, memorial service
제시 jesi presentation, suggestion
제약 jeyak restriction, constraint
제외 jeoe exclusion, exception
제자 jeja disciple, student
제자리 jejari one's original place, proper position
제작 jejak production, creation
제한 jehan limitation, restriction
조 jo-jo one trillion (Korean numeral)
조각 jogak piece, fragment, sculpture
조그맣다 jogeumata to be tiny, very small
조기 jogi early period, dried yellow corvina
조르다 joreuda to beg, pester, tighten
조림 jorim braised dish (food)
조명 jomyeong lighting, illumination
조심스럽다 josimseureopda to be cautious, careful
조작 jojak manipulation, fabrication
조절 jojeol adjustment, control
조화 johwa harmony, balance
존재 jonjae existence, being
존중 jonjung respect, regard
졸음 joreum drowsiness, sleepiness
좁히다 jophida to narrow, reduce (a gap)
종교적 jonggyojeok-jonggyojeok religious
종아리 jongari calf (of the leg)
죄 joe sin, crime, guilt
주관적 jugwanjeok subjective
주름 jureum wrinkle, crease
주목 jumok attention, notice
주식 jusik stocks, staple food
주어지다 jueojida to be given, be provided
주장 jujang claim, assertion, argument
주저앉다 jujeoanda to sit down suddenly, collapse
주전자 jujeonja kettle, teapot
주택 jutaek housing, residence
줄기 julgi stem, trunk, stream
줄어들다 jureodeulda to decrease, dwindle
중독 jungdok addiction, dependence
중소기업 jungsogieop small and medium enterprise
중요성 jungyoseong importance, significance
즉석 jeukseok instant, on the spot
증거 jeunggeo evidence, proof
증명 jeungmyeong proof, verification, certification
지겹다 jigyeopda to be tiresome, fed up with
지구 jigu earth, globe, region
지급 jigeup payment, disbursement
지능 jineung intelligence, intellect
지니다 jinida to possess, carry, have
지다 jida to lose, set (sun), carry (debt)
지도자 jidoja leader
지름길 jireumgil shortcut
지불 jibul payment
지시 jisi instruction, direction, order
지식 jisik knowledge
지식인 jisigin intellectual, educated person
지옥 jiok hell
지원 jiwon support, assistance
지위 jiwi status, position, rank
지적 jijeok criticism, pointing out
지정 jijeong designation, appointment
지진 jijin earthquake
지출 jichul expenditure, spending
지치다 jichida to be exhausted, worn out
지켜보다 jikyeoboda to watch over, keep an eye on
지하실 jihasil basement, cellar
지혜 jihye wisdom
직선 jikseon straight line
직접적 jikjeopjeok direct, immediate
진단 jindan diagnosis
진동 jindong vibration, tremor
진로 jillo career path, future course
진리 jilli truth, ultimate principle
진술 jinsul statement, testimony
진실 jinsil truth, reality
진정하다 jinjeonghada to be genuine, sincere, calm
진출 jinchul advance, entry (into a field)
질병 jilbyeong disease, illness
질서 jilseo order, discipline
질투 jiltu jealousy, envy
집단 jipdan group, collective
집어넣다 jibeoneota to put in, insert, stuff
집중적 jipjungjeok intensive, concentrated
짓 jit act, behavior, deed
짖다 jitda to bark (dog)
짙다 jitda to be thick, dense, dark (color)
짚다 jipda to lean on, point to, check
짜증스럽다 jjajeungseureopda to be annoying, irritating
짝수 jjaksu even number
짠맛 jjanmat salty taste, saltiness
쫓겨나다 jjotgyeonada to be chased out, expelled
쫓기다 jjotgida to be chased, be pursued
쫓다 jjotda to chase, pursue
쫓아내다 jjochanaeda to drive out, expel
쫓아다니다 jjochadanida to chase around, follow persistently
쫓아오다 jjochaoda to chase and come, come after
찍다 jjikda to take (photo), stamp, press
찍히다 jjikhida to be photographed, get stamped
찡그리다 jjinggeurida to grimace, scrunch up face
차도 chado roadway, driveway
차별 chabyeol discrimination, distinction
차비 chabi transportation fare
차선 chaseon traffic lane, best option
차원 chawon dimension, level, aspect
차창 chachang car window
착각 chakgak misunderstanding, illusion
참석자 chamseokja attendee, participant
참여 chamyeo participation, involvement
참조 chamjo reference, cross-reference
창작 changjak creative work, original creation
창조 changjo creation, founding
찾아내다 chajanaeda to find out, discover
찾아다니다 chajadanida to go around looking for
찾아뵙다 chajaboepda to visit (humbly), go see
채널 chaeneol channel
채우다 chaeuda to fill, fill up
채택 chaetaek adoption, selection
책임 chaegim responsibility, duty
책임감 chaegimgam sense of responsibility
책임자 chaegimja person in charge, responsible person
책임지다 chaegimjida to take responsibility for
챔피언 chaempieon champion
처리 cheori handling, processing, disposal
처벌 cheobeol punishment, penalty
처하다 cheohada to be placed in, face (a situation)
천국 cheonguk heaven, paradise
천주교 cheonjugyo Catholicism
철 cheol season, iron, common sense
첨부 cheombu attachment, enclosure
청하다 cheonghada to request, ask for
체계 chegye system, framework
체면 chemyeon face, dignity, social honor
체온 cheon body temperature
체중 chejung body weight
초겨울 chogyeoul early winter
초기 chogi early stage, beginning
초보 chobo beginner level, basics
초보자 choboja beginner, novice
초승달 choseungdal crescent moon
초여름 choyeoreum early summer
초저녁 chojeonyeok early evening, dusk
초점 chojeom focus, focal point
초조 chojo anxiety, nervousness
초청 chocheong invitation
초청장 chocheongjang invitation card, letter of invitation
총리 chongni prime minister
최소 choeso minimum, the least
최신 choesin latest, most recent
최종 choejong final, last
최초 choecho the first, the very beginning
추가 chuga addition, extra
추위 chuwi cold weather, the cold
추진 chujin promotion, push, drive
추천서 chucheonseo letter of recommendation
축소 chukso reduction, scaling down
출근길 chulgeungil way to work, commute (path)
출산 chulsan childbirth, delivery
출신 chulsin origin, background, hometown
출연 churyeon appearance, performance
출판 chulpan publishing, publication
출현 chulhyeon appearance, emergence
충격 chunggyeok shock, impact
충격적 chunggyeokjeok shocking, impactful
충고 chunggo advice, counsel
충돌 chungdol collision, clash, conflict
취업 chwieop getting a job, employment
취재 chwijae news gathering, coverage
측면 cheungmyeon aspect, side, dimension
친아들 chinadeul biological son
친아버지 chinabeoji biological father
친어머니 chineomeoni biological mother
친언니 chineonni biological older sister (of a woman)
친오빠 chinoppa biological older brother (of a woman)
침 chim saliva, needle
침묵 chimmuk silence
캄캄하다 kamkamhada to be pitch dark
캠페인 kaempein campaign
커다랗다 keodarata to be very large, huge
커트 keoteu haircut, cut (hairstyle)
콩나물 kongnamul bean sprouts
쾌적하다 kwaejeokhada to be comfortable, pleasant
크림 keurim cream
큰돈 keundon large sum of money
큰딸 keunttal eldest daughter
큰아들 keunadeul eldest son
큰일 keunil serious matter, big deal
큰집 keunjip main family house, eldest brother's home
타고나다 tagonada to be born with (talent), have innately
타오르다 taoreuda to blaze up, flare up, burn fiercely
타인 tain other person, another person
탄생 tansaeng birth, emergence
탈출 talchul escape, breakout
탑 tap tower, pagoda, top
태우다 taeuda to burn, give a ride, let ride
택하다 taekhada to choose, select
탤런트 taelleonteu TV actor, talent
터널 teoneol tunnel
터지다 teojida to burst, explode, break open
턱 teok chin, jaw, threshold
테스트 teseuteu test, quiz
토의 toui discussion, deliberation
통계 tonggye statistics, data
통과 tonggwa passage, passing through, approval
통증 tongjeung pain, ache
통행 tonghaeng traffic, passage (of people/vehicles)
퇴직 toejik retirement, resignation
투자 tuja investment
투표 tupyo vote, voting
특수 teuksu special, unique (circumstance)
특정 teukjeong specific, particular
틀림없다 teullimeopda to be certain, without doubt
파괴 pagoe destruction, devastation
파트너 pateuneo partner
판사 pansa judge (law)
팔꿈치 palkkumchi elbow
팬 paen fan, pan
퍼지다 peojida to spread, to diffuse
펴내다 pyeonaeda to publish, to put out
편견 pyeongyeon prejudice, bias
편의 pyeonui convenience, benefit
펼쳐지다 pyeolchyeojida to unfold, to spread out
펼치다 pyeolchida to unfold, to spread, to display
평 pyeong review, comment, criticism
평균 pyeonggyun average, mean
평등 pyeongdeung equality
평상시 pyeongsangsi ordinary times, usual days
평생 pyeongsaeng whole life, lifetime
평화 pyeonghwa peace
포근하다 pogeunhada to be warm and cozy, to be snug
포장지 pojangji wrapping paper, packaging material
폭넓다 pongneolda to be wide, to be broad
폭력 pongnyeok violence
폭설 pokseol heavy snowfall, blizzard
폭우 pogu heavy rain, downpour
표면 pyomyeon surface, face
표준 pyojun standard, norm
표준어 pyojuneo standard language
표지 pyoji cover, sign, marker
푸다 puda to scoop, to ladle out
풀어지다 pureojida to come undone, to loosen, to relax
품 pum bosom, embrace, arms
품다 pumda to hold, to embrace, to harbor
풍부하다 pungbuhada to be abundant, to be rich
풍속 pungsok customs, manners, folk ways
프로 peuro pro, professional
필기 pilgi note-taking, handwriting
필수 pilsu essential, requirement
필수적 pilsujeok essential, indispensable
필요성 piryoseong necessity, need
핑계 pinggye excuse, pretext
하 ha bottom, lower part
하느님 haneunim God, the Lord
학력 hangnyeok academic background, educational level
학문 hangmun academic study, scholarship
학부모 hakbumo parent of a student
학비 hakbi school expenses, tuition
학용품 hagyongpum school supplies, stationery
한 han limit, bound
한 han Han (Korean sorrow), resentment
한가운데 hangaunde very center, middle
한겨울 hangyeoul midwinter, dead of winter
한계 hangye limit, boundary
한국적 hangukjeok Korean-style, typically Korean
한낮 hannat broad daylight, midday
한눈 hannun a glance, one eye
한둘 handul one or two, a couple
한마디 hanmadi a word, a brief remark
한밤중 hanbamjung dead of night, midnight
한순간 hansungan a moment, an instant
한여름 hanyeoreum midsummer, height of summer
한편 hanpyeon one side, meanwhile, on the other hand
할부 halbu installment payment
합격자 hapgyeokja successful applicant, passer
합리적 hamnijeok rational, reasonable
합의 habui agreement, consensus
합하다 haphada to combine, to add together
해결책 haegyeolchaek solution, countermeasure
해내다 haenaeda to accomplish, to manage to do
해당 haedang the relevant, the applicable, pertaining
해롭다 haeropda to be harmful, to be bad for
해방 haebang liberation, emancipation
해석 haeseok interpretation, reading
해설 haeseol commentary, explanation
해소 haeso relief, resolution, elimination
해안 haean coast, shoreline
해치다 haechida to harm, to hurt, to damage
햇살 haetsal sunlight, sunshine, rays
행위 haengwi act, action, deed
행정 haengjeong administration, governance
행하다 haenghada to carry out, to perform, to do
향 hyang fragrance, scent, incense
향기 hyanggi fragrance, aroma, scent
향상 hyangsang improvement, advancement
허가 heoga permission, approval
허용 heoyong permission, allowance
험하다 heomhada to be rough, to be rugged, to be harsh
헤매다 hemaeda to wander, to roam
헤아리다 hearida to count, to reckon, to fathom
헤엄치다 heeomchida to swim
현대인 hyeondaein modern person, contemporary person
현대적 hyeondaejeok modern, contemporary
현실 hyeonsil reality, actuality
현실적 hyeonsiljeok realistic, practical
현장 hyeonjang site, scene, field
협력 hyeomnyeok cooperation, collaboration
협조 hyeopjo cooperation, assistance
형님 hyeongnim older brother (respectful address)
형성 hyeongseong formation, formation
형식 hyeongsik form, format
형편 hyeongpyeon circumstances, situation
혜택 hyetaek benefit, privilege
호감 hogam favorable impression, liking
호기심 hogisim curiosity, inquisitiveness
호주머니 hojumeoni pocket
호흡 hoheup breathing, respiration
홀수 holsu odd number
홍보 hongbo publicity, promotion, PR
화장지 hwajangji toilet paper, tissue
화제 hwaje topic of conversation, hot topic
확대 hwakdae expansion, enlargement
확보 hwakbo securing, obtaining
확산 hwaksan spread, diffusion
확신 hwaksin conviction, certainty
확실하다 hwaksilhada to be certain, to be sure
확장 hwakjang expansion, extension
환상 hwansang fantasy, illusion
활기 hwalgi vitality, energy, liveliness
활용 hwaryong utilization, application
회담 hoedam talks, conference, summit
회복 hoebok recovery, restoration
회화 hoehwa conversation practice, dialogue
효과적 hyogwajeok effective, effectual
효도 hyodo filial piety, devotion to parents
효율적 hyoyuljeok efficient, effective
효자 hyoja filial son, devoted son
후보 hubo candidate, nominee
후회스럽다 huhoeseureopda to be regretful, to feel remorse
훈련 hullyeon training, drill, exercise
휴양지 hyuyangji resort, recreation spot
흉내 hyungnae imitation, mimicry
흑백 heukbaek black and white
흔적 heunjeok trace, mark, vestige
흔하다 heunhada to be common, to be ordinary
흘러내리다 heulleonaerida to flow down, to trickle down
흙 heuk soil, earth, dirt
흡수 heupsu absorption
흥미 heungmi interest, curiosity
흥미롭다 heungmiropda to be interesting, to be fascinating
흥분 heungbun excitement, agitation
흩어지다 heuteojida to scatter, to disperse
힘쓰다 himsseuda to strive, to make efforts
힘차다 himchada to be powerful, to be vigorous
발전 baljeon development, progress
의견 uigyeon opinion, view
인상 insang impression
적응 jeogeung adaptation, adjustment
태도 taedo attitude
가치관 gachigwan values, sense of values
경향성 gyeonghyangseong tendency, propensity
과정 gwajeong process, course
분석 bunseok analysis
영향 yeonghyang influence, effect
조건 jogeon condition, requirement
판단 pandan judgment, decision
현상 hyeonsang phenomenon
All Society & Ideas vocabulary → All TOPIK 4 vocabulary → Study with lessons →
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Written by Alvin Lim Certified Korean Language Teacher (Level 2)